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Learn about Formal, Functional, and Vernacular regions and their defining characteristics in geography. Discover how each type of region is identified and perceived, and explore examples from around the world.
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Types of Regions Formal Functional (Nodal) Vernacular (Perceptual)
Formal Region • An area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctive characteristic • Deals with facts and can be proven to exist • Data can be collected about them
Functional Region • An area organized around a node or focal point • Have a center and are connected to the area around it, usually by some form of transportation route
Vernacular Region • AKA Perceptual Region • An area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity
Vernacular • What do you think of when I say: • Southern California? • The South? • The Middle East? • New York City?