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BODY LANGUAGE: How To Recognize and Exhibit Non-verbal Communication

BODY LANGUAGE: How To Recognize and Exhibit Non-verbal Communication. Shannon MacFarlane, Sheldon Hubert, Amanda Wallace, Tawnya Werb, and Anna Ionadi. What Is Body Language?.

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BODY LANGUAGE: How To Recognize and Exhibit Non-verbal Communication

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  1. BODY LANGUAGE: How To Recognize and Exhibit Non-verbal Communication Shannon MacFarlane, Sheldon Hubert, Amanda Wallace, Tawnya Werb, and Anna Ionadi

  2. What Is Body Language? “Body language is defined as involving the conscious or unconscious body positioning or actions of the communicator. Words direct the contact of the message, whereas emotions accentuate and clarify the meanings of the words.” (Arnold and Boggs, 2007)

  3. Body Language Our Presentation will incorporate…

  4. Never Underestimate… The Little Mermaid http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F_JPL91V1HU

  5. Components of Body Language as they relate to the therapeutic nurse-client relationship

  6. Analyzing Body LanguageLook for these components in our video scenarios Professionalism:Maintaining a professional appearance and attitude will allow the patient to have more confidence in your skill. Spatial Distance: Physically creating distance between the nurse and patient will establish relationship distance.

  7. … Analyzing Body LanguageLook for these components in our video scenarios Eye Contact: establishes a rapport with the patient; if you do not focus on your patient you may be missing out on non-verbal cues. Hand Gestures: should not be excessive because they become ineffective and unprofessional. They can be useful in directing, explaining, and conveying interest.

  8. … Analyzing Body LanguageLook for these components in our video scenarios Facial Expressions:There are six universally understood facial expressions; if you use any of them to convey judgment or dissatisfaction it can impair the nurse-patient relationship. Therapeutic Touch: Is an essential nursing tool that can show empathy towards a patient. It should be done with caution when dealing with different cultures; expose one body part at a time or ask permission to touch (Waller, Cray, & Burrows, 2008) (Pullen, 2007)

  9. Video Presentations Scenario One: Mandy (patient) comes in to see Sheldon (nurse) at the local hospital clinic in attempt to solve the mystery of her chest pain, later revealed to be caused by emotional distress and anxiety. Two scenes, showcasing ineffective and effective use of body language in the nurse-client therapeutic relationship

  10. Video Presentations Scenario Two: Shannon (Patient) goes with her mother (Tawnya) to the doctors for a routine check up. She meets with the nurse (Anna) and wants to discuss a private issue of concern to her, but can't seem to get rid of her mother. Two scenes, showcasing ineffective and effective use of body language in the nurse-client therapeutic relationship

  11. Video Presentation

  12. CNO Standards & Practices Of the 4 Standard Statements of the nurse-client relationship (2006), two can be applied to body language: • Therapeutic Communication Nurses use various communication skills to establish and maintain the nurse-patient relationship e) Being aware of her/his verbal and non-verbal style of communication and how clients might perceive it f) Modifying communication style as necessary to meet the needs of the client • Recognizing that all behviour has meaning, seek to understand causes of a client’s comment, attitude or behavior (CNO, 2006) Continued…

  13. … CNO Standards & Practices • Client-Centred Care: Nurses work with the client to ensure that all professional behaviors and actions meet the therapeutic needs of the client. • Recognizing that the client’s well-being is affected by the nurse’s ability to effectively establish and maintain therapeutic relationship (CNO, 2006)

  14. RNAO Standards & Practices Provides an overall framework for the practice of nursing: • Recommendation #1: The nurse must acquire the necessary knowledge to participate effectively in therapeutic relationships In scene 2 (good), in the middle phase of the therapeutic relationship, after the removal of the clients mother, the nurse was able to obtain the necessary history.

  15. RNAO Standards & Practices • Recommendation #2: Establishment of a therapeutic relationship requires reflective practice: - self-awareness - empathy - self knowledge - awareness of limits (RNAO, 2002) Scene 2: Self awareness, the nurse asked the mother to leave, was empathetic towards the patients situation as she approached the health hx in a different manner Scene 1: Self knowledge, the nurse reflected and knew that in order to obtain a full health history, it was key to get to the problems root.

  16. Theory’s Guide to Practice • Jean Watson and Transpersonal Caring • Language bridges the biomedical/ natural-science model to a post-modern/human-science perspective • The human science paradigm leads to a better understanding of human-human interaction • One of the ten “Carative Factors”: • Promoting and accepting the expression of • positive and negative feelings and emotions (George, 2002)

  17. Watson’s View Continued • Health • Encompassing the entire nature of the individual (physical, social, aesthetic, and moral realms) • Caring moment opens up a higher energy field with potential for healing beyond body and self, with potential movement toward greater harmony, wholeness, health, and spiritual evolution. (George, 2002)

  18. Incorporation of Peplau’s Theory into Body Language and the Nurse-Client Relationship “Compassionate verbal and non-verbal communication, a respectful approach, and non-judgmental behavior are essential.” The ‘counseling role’: - active listening - therapeutic techniques - guidance/support - professional boundaries (Courey, Martsolf, Draucker & Strickland, 2008)

  19. Opportunities for Future Practice • Consciousness: • Being aware of the actions and meanings you portray in your body language is just as important as what you say • Confidence: • Maintaining professionalism throughout your practice • Experience: • A pleasant interpersonal experience for both nurse and patient

  20. Creating a Therapeutic Nurse-Patient Relationship (HRCite.com, 2006)

  21. Applying Body Language Theory to Practice: Confidence Case Study How to become Professionally Confident? • Our moods can have a direct effect on our body language. • Try to mimic people that you see as being confident. Example, head nurse or politician. • By doing so, you will look professional to others and you will feel confident as well. • “Whatever your internal feelings, changing our behavior can lead patient’s, peers and colleges around us to believe that we are confident.” (Nursing Standard, 2007)

  22. Learning Strategies used during this project • Creative Planning • Independent Research • Organizing • Condensing • Constructive Feedback • Putting it all Together • Practice • Appreciate Our Work “Snowflakes are one of nature's most fragile things, but just look at what they can do when they stick together.” (Vesta Kelly) Communication

  23. Learning Strategies to apply to nursing practice In addition to understanding how to become professionally confident… • Simulated Job Settings Organize values into priorities, develop a complex response and illustrate adaption • On the Job Training “Practice by Doing” with some direction or coaching involved • Guided Observation Pay attention to the demonstrations and scenarios shown to you in practice, and ask/answer questions • Tools for Reflection Discussion, multimedia tools (like the videos and website we have provided), case studies, all of which allow for reflection periods ** Case studies: Therapeutic Touch, Military Culture & Recognizing Pain

  24. References Arnold, B., Boggs, K. (2007). Interpersonal Relationships: Professional Communication Skills for Nurses. St. Louis, MO: Saunders. Bruce, M. (2007). Act it, copy it, be it. Nursing Standard, 64(22), 14-16. Calcagno, K. (2008). Listen up... someone important is talking. Home Healthcare Nurse, 26(6), 333-336. College of Nurses of Ontario. (2006). Practice standard: Therapeutic nurse-client relationship. Toronto: Author. Courey, T., Martsolf, D., Draucker, C., & Strickland, K., (2008). Hildegard Peplau’s theory and the health care encounters of survivors of sexual violence. American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 14(2), 136-143. George, J. (2002). Nursing Theories: The Base for Professional Nursing Practice. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Harper, P. (2006). No pain, no gain: pain behavior in the armed forces. British Journal of Nursing, 15(10) 548-551. Jarvis, C. (2008). Physical Examination and Health Assessment. St. Louis, MO: Saunders. Nishizawa, Y., Saito, M., Ogura, N., Kudo, S., Saito, K., Hanaya, M. (2006). The non-verbal communication skills of nursing students: analysis of interpersonal behavior using videotaped recordings in a 5-minute interaction with a simulated patient. Japan Journal of Nursing Science, 23(4) 210-219. Preston, P. (2005). Nonverbal communication: do you really say what you mean? Journal of Healthcare Management, 50(2), 83-87. Pullen, R. (2007). Tips for communicating with a patient from another culture. Nursing, 37(10) 48-49. Registered Nurses of Ontario Association. (2006). Nursing best practice guidelines: establishing therapeutic relationships. Toronto, Canada: Registered Nurses’ Association of Ontario.

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