Chapter 4

1. Chapter 4 Lesson 2 Different Worlds Collide

2. The Aztecs are Conquered Conquistador A Spanish soldier That conquered Mexico He’s a big conquistador A Spanish soldier Who conquered Mexico He’s a big conquistador EiyEiyEiy

3. The 7 Cities of Gold • The Spanish were a very religious people. • The Bible told stories of 7 cities of gold that were located all over the world. • The Spanish sent explorers all over the world looking for these 7 cities. • Finding these cities meant great wealth and power. • The Spanish felt they had found one of the 7 cities when they explored Ghana.

4. Cortés the Explorer • Cortés explored Mexico looking for another city of gold when he discovered the Aztec Empire. • The Aztec Indians had their own civilization and they wanted to protect it. • Cortés knew that his army of 500 men would not defeat the Aztecs. • He had to be tricky, sneaky, underhanded. • Cortés met with Montezuma the Mexican chief. He persuaded the chief to let him stay. • This was a decision that would prove deadly to Montezuma and the Aztec people.

5. The Spanish Advantage • The Spanish had metal armor that protected them from the Aztecs stone weapons. • The Spanish had muskets, which were a new kind of rifle. The Aztecs had no defense against the lead bullets. • The Conquistadors had horses. These animals the Aztecs had never seen and they were terrified of the size and speed of these animals. They were awed by the control the Spanish had over the horses. • Cortés had some allies among the Aztec people. Some of the Indians were tired of the Aztec rule and wanted the Spanish to take over. • The Spanish brought smallpox with them (unknowingly).

6. The Spanish Advantage

7. The End of the Aztec People • Cortés convinced Montezuma to let him stay in the city. • Cortés quickly over took Montezuma and made him part of a plan to take the Mexican gold. • Cortés had Montezuma collect the gold from the Aztec people as soon as they mined it. • Soon, the people became rebellious.

8. The End of the Aztec People • The Aztecs revolted against the government. • Montezuma was killed in the rebellion. • Cortés fled for Spain. • His plan was to return with a larger army and conquer the people. • The Aztecs were left without a leader. The years ahead were full of disease, and drought which brought starvation.

9. The End of the Aztec People • When Cortés returned, the Aztecs were already ruined. • The Spanish would rule over Mexico for the next 500 years. • Many of the Aztecs would die from European disease, become enslaved, or marry a Spaniard and enter into a Spanish family and leave the Aztec ways. A new culture part Indian, part Spanish was born.

10. You Do It! • Using your textbook, make a vertical time line of the important events in lesson 2. • You will put your timeline on the white construction paper I give you. • The timeline must be vertical and the details must be in order of time. • The top of the timeline will be the oldest date and the bottom of the timeline will be the closest to present day.

11. New Spain, capital - Mexico City • Spanish officials came to New Spain to set up a government, make laws, and build schools and universities. • Roman Catholic priests came to New Spain to convert, or change, the native people from their own religion into Christianity. • Spanish colonists came hoping to make money by starting farms, businesses, and gold and silver mines.

12. The Conquests Continue • The Incas were another powerful and wealthy native people that lived in western South America. • Spain sent explorer, Francisco Pizarro, to conquer the Incas. • Pizarro first captured the Incan leader, Atahualpa and then moved on to the capital city, Cuzco. • Pizarro founded a new capital, Lima, in a colony called Peru.