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Classifying Elements. Topic 4. Element Symbols. The names of elements that were discovered in the 19 th century came from many different sources. The first chemist to report a new element had the right to name it. Polonium was named after Poland, Marie Curie’s country of birth
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Classifying Elements Topic 4
Element Symbols • The names of elements that were discovered in the 19th century came from many different sources. • The first chemist to report a new element had the right to name it. • Polonium was named after Poland, Marie Curie’s country of birth • Uranium was named after the planet Uranus • Einsteinium was name after Albert Einstein • Instead of writing these names out, chemists developed symbols
Element Symbols • Some elements use the first letter of their name • Ex. Hydrogen – • Some elements use the first two letters of their name • Ex. Calcium - • Some elements use two letters from their name • Ex. Magnesium - • Some elements use letters from their Latin name • Ex. Lead – (Plumbum)
Sorting Elements • Metals • Shiny, malleable, ductile. • They conduct electricity • Non-metals • Can be a solid or a gas • Solid non-metals are dull and brittle. • Most non-metals do not conduct electricity • Metalloids • Have both metallic and non-metallic properties.
Chemical Families • Alkali Metals • Group 1 on the periodic table • So reactive that they need special storage • Only have 1 electron in their outer shell • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cqeVEFFzz7E • Alkaline Earth Metals • Group 2 on the periodic table • Reactive, but not as reactive as Alkali metals • Halogens • Group 17 on the periodic table • React vigorously with other elements, so they are naturally found in compounds • Noble Gases • Group 18 on the periodic table • Very unreactive – their outer shells are full of electrons • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1PSzSTilu_s&feature=related
