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Classifying the Elements

Classifying the Elements. Squares on the Periodic Table. The periodic table displays the chemical symbols of elements, along with information about the structure of their atom. Look at Carbon on the periodic table in your reference table.

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Classifying the Elements

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  1. Classifying the Elements

  2. Squares on the Periodic Table • The periodic table displays the chemical symbols of elements, along with information about the structure of their atom. Look at Carbon on the periodic table in your reference table. • What number is in bold in the lower left hand corner of that square? What can you tell me about this number? • 6. This is Carbon atomic number, or the number of protons contained in the nucleus of a carbon atom. • What is the number on the top left hand corner? What can you tell me about this number? • 12.0111 This is carbons atomic mass, calculated by summing up the products of each carbon isotopes mass with their natural percent abundance • What are the numbers below the bolded number? What can you tell me about these numbers? • 2-4 This is carbons electron configuration. It has 2 electrons located in both 1s and 2s orbitals and 2 in the 2p sublevel.

  3. Distinguishing Groups • Group 1 (1A) – Alkali metals • Group 2 (2A) – Alkaline Earthmetals • Group 17 (7A) – Halogens • Group 18 (8A) - Noble Gases Elements can be sorted into noble gases, representative elements, transition metals or inner transition metals based on their electron configuration.

  4. Noble Gases • Inert gases – They rarely take part in a reaction. • Their s and p sublevels are completely filled and due to this, they are stable Name a few noble gases: Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, and Radon

  5. Representative Elements • Elements in groups 1-2 & 13-18 (Group A elements) • Have a wide range of physical and chemical properties. • Include metals, metalloids and nonmetals. • The s and p sublevels are the highest occupied energy levels. • Can you a name a few representative elements? • Lithium, Chlorine, Nitrogen, etc…

  6. Transition Metals and Inner Transition Metals • Transition Metals • Located in groups 3-12 (B group elements) • Characterized by the presence of electrons in the d orbitals. Can you name a few transition metals? Iron, Cobalt, Nickel, etc.. • Inner Transition Metals • Located below the main body of the periodic table. • Characterized by the presence of electrons in the f orbitals. Since these elements have been omitted from physical properties page of your reference tables, we won’t focus on these elements.

  7. Where are the sublevels located on the periodic table. • In which groups are the s-block elements found? 1 & 2 (1A & 2A) • In which groups are the p-block elements found? 13-18 (3A – 8A) • In which groups are the d-block elements found? 3-12 (Group B Elements) • Where are the f-block elements found? Below the periodic table.

  8. 6.2 pg. 173 Questions 14, 16, 17 Read 6.3 pgs. 174-181

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