Ethics In Video games

1. Ethics In Video games Hadighafourisabzevari , hossienpoorhossein , vahidpoormohamadshandiz

2. Table of Context • Digital Entertain • Games • Video game content rating system • Advise

3. Digital Entertainment • Games • Movies • E- Magazine • Web surfing • …..

4. Games • First game is space war made in MIT university • Game consoles • Game types • Game Company

5. Game consoles

6. Game Company

8. Issues made from game • Culture • Physical Health • Financial • Sociality

9. video game content rating system • A video game content rating system is a system used for the classification of video games into suitability-related groups • part of the local motion picture rating system • History

11. ESRB : • The Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) is a self-regulatory organization that assigns age and content ratings, enforces industry-adopted advertising guidelines, and ensures responsible online privacy principles for computer and video games and other entertainment software in Canada and the United States.

12. History : • The ESRB was established in 1994 by the Entertainment Software Association (formerly Interactive Digital Software Association).[1] By late 2009, it had assigned nearly 19,130 ratings to titles submitted by more than 350 publishers. • One of the reasons the ESRB was founded was due to violent content found in video games such as Night Trap, Mortal Kombat, Lethal Enforcers, and Doom, as well as other controversial video games portraying overly violent or intense sexual situations at the time.

13. The ESRB assigns ratings to games based on their content, similar to the motion picture rating systems used in many countries. Their aim is to aid consumers in determining a game's content and suitability. A game's rating is displayed on its box, the media, in advertisementsand on the game's website(s). • The rating system is strictly voluntary, however nearly all video games are submitted for rating because many retail stores prohibit the sale of unrated video games and the major console manufacturers will not license games for their systems unless they carry ESRB ratings.

14. Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) : • Early Childhood(eC) : Games with this rating contain no material that elders would find inappropriate. Games that fall under this rating are specifically intended for young children and are usually educational. Some examples include JumpStart Pet Rescue, Dragon Tales: Learn & Fly With Dragons and Dora the Explorer: Journey to the Purple Planet for the PS2 edition.(3 age)

15. Everyone(E) : Games in this category may contain no or minimal cartoon, fantasy or mild violence. Some examples include Sonic Adventure, most games in The Legend of Zelda series, Mario series, Gran Turismo series and Madden NFL.(6 age)

16. Everyone (10+)(E10+) : Contains content that might be considered unsuitable for children under 10 years of age. Games in this category may contain minimal cartoon, fantasy, violence, language, animated blood and/or minimal suggestive themes. The ESRB introduced the E10+ rating on March 2, 2005; Donkey Kong Jungle Beat being the first game to receive this rating. Some examples include Madagascar, Lego Star Wars, Kingdom Hearts II, Sonic Unleashed, The Legend of Spyro Trilogy, Spore, and Rayman Raving Rabbids.(10 age)

17. Teen(T) : Contains content that might be considered unsuitable for children under 13 years of age. Titles in this category may contain more intense violence, suggestive themes, crude humor, blood, simulated gambling, and/or use of strong language (which is uncensored). Some examples include WWE Smackdown vs. Raw, Super Smash Bros. Brawl, Star Wars: The Force Unleashed, The Sims series, the Castlevania series, the Guitar Hero series, and the first four Ratchet and Clank games.(13-16 age)

18. Rating Pending(RP): Product has been submitted to the ESRB and is awaiting final rating. However, once rated, all pre-release advertising must contain the game's official ESRB rating. Some games, depending on the intensity of their content, may also prompt the use of the disclaimer of "May contain content inappropriate for children."

19. Mature +17 (M): Titles in this category may contain more intense violence, blood and gore, sexual themes/content, use of alcohol/drugs, and frequent use of strong language (which starts going uncensored from this point). Examples of low Mature games include Halo, The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion, later Call of Duty games, and Metal Gear Acid 1 and 2. The games are only rated Mature for the mild amount of blood in the game and are similar to Teen rated games in terms of simulated violence. Examples of high Mature games include The Grand Theft Auto Series, Dead Space, and Fallout 3. Many retailers (like Target, Future Shop, GameStop, Wal-Mart and Best Buy) have a policy of not selling games with this rating to people under 17, at least without parental presence and approval. Currently, M-rated symbols have 17+ next to the word "Mature".[4]

20. Adults Only 18+ (AO): Contains content that is considered unsuitable for people under 18 years of age, and cannot be bought by anyone below that age. These may include adult video games that show sex and graphic nudity, extreme violence and blood and gore. As of 2010[update], there have been twenty-three products which have received and kept the rating. The AO rating is the subject of ongoing, heated controversy due to the extreme restrictions it places on game sales. Games from major publishers that receive an AO rating are often 'toned down' in order to gain the lesser rating of M such as Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas and Manhunt 2. See also: List of AO-rated products

21. Pan European Game Information • Pan European Game Information (PEGI) • developed by the Interactive Software Federation of Europe (ISFE) in April 2003 • 15000 game in 2010

22. PEGI Rating system • 3 rating: Suitable for ages 3 and over. • 7 rating: Suitable only for persons of 7 years of age and older • 12 rating : This rating contains mild action violence or suggestive themes and mildly suggestive song lyrics • 16 rating: Some situations include moderate to strong action violence, mild references to gambling, and rude humor • 18 rating: Graphic violence, strong sexual content, explicit references to gambling, and vulgar language (spoken and used in song lyrics) are permitted

23. Content descriptions • Violence : May contain scenes of people getting injured or dying, often by use of weapons. Also may contain gore and blood-letting and blood particles. • Bad Language :May contain profanity, bad language, sexual innuendo, threats, and all manner of slurs and epithets. • Fear : May contain scenes that are considered too disturbing or frightening to younger or more emotionally vulnerable players. • Sex : May contain references to sexual attraction or sexual intercourse. Also may contain nudity and female characters dressed in suggestive clothing.

24. Content descriptions • Drugs : May contain references to illegal drugs or a fictional substance that has parallels to real-life illegal drugs (in use, possession, or sale). • Discrimination :May contain cruelty or harassment based on race, ethnicity, gender, or sexual preferences. • Gambling : May contain games that are played for money (real or simulated) • Online : Contains an online game mode

25. Where PEGI is used • AustriaBelgiumBulgariaCyprusCzech RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceGreeceGermanyHungaryIcelandIrelandIsrael • LatviaLithuaniaLuxembourgMaltaNetherlandsNorwayPolandPortugal • RomaniaRussiaSlovakiaSloveniaSpainSwedenSwitzerland • United Kingdom

27. Entertainment Software Rating Association (ESRA) سازمان رده‌بندی نرم افزارهای سرگرم کننده (اسرا)،سیستم رده‌بندی سنی بازی‌های رایانه‌ای است که محتوای رده‌بندی و سن مناسب را تعیین می‌نماید. این سازمان در سال 1386 توسط بنیاد ملی بازی‌های رایانه‌ای که یک نهاد نیمه دولتی است، تأسیس گردید.

28. گروه‌های سنی •  (خردسالی) بالای 3 سال •     (کودکی) بالای 7 سال •     (ابتدای دوران نوجوانی) بالای 12 سال •    (نیمه دوم نوجوانی) بالای 15 سال •     (بزرگسالان، مجرد) بالای 18 سال •     (بزرگسالان، متأهل) بالای 25 سال

29. توصیف محتوایی • خشونت :نمایش خشونت ، یعنی نمایش رفتاری که برای آسیب‌رساندن به دیگری از کسی سر‌می‌زند و دامنه آن از تخریب اموال و دارایی و آسیب رساندن، نابود کردن، از کار انداختن غیر جاندار و....گسترده است. • استفاده از تنباکو و مواد مخدر :مشاهده مصرف تنباکو و یا مواد مخدر در بازیها می‌تواند تابوی درونی ـ اجتماعی مصرف نکردن آنها را برای مخاطب شکننده کند. • محرکهای جنسی :تنوع‌طلبی جنسی، روابط جنسی خارج از هنجارهای اجتماعی و غیره در بازی‌ها می‌تواند منجر به آسیب های روحی و جسمی مرتبط با نیاز جنسی مخاطب و موقعیت اجتماعی او گردد.

30. ترس :ترس، نوعی احساس درونی مبنی بر عدم امنیت و نیز بی‌اعتمادی به فضای موجود است. این احساس درونی می‌تواند در سنین مختلف منجر به آسیب هایی نظیر استرس های مزمن، لکنت زبان در کودکی و بیماریهای قلبی ـ تنفسی و همچنین حس بدبینی و رفتارهای محافظه کارانه در محیط اجتماعی گردد. • نقض ارزشهای دینی :نقض ارزشهای دینی منطبق با اصول اسلامی در نظر گرفته خواهد شد. چهار مؤلفه مهم آن عبارت است از:1. نقض اصول اساسی یا باورهای دینی (چگونگی نمایش بهشت و جهنم) 2. توهین به اماکن مقدس( توهین به مسجد، کلیسا) • نقض هنجارهای اجتماعی :استفاده از کلمات رکیک و رفتارهای ناشایستی که منجر به هنجارشکنی اجتماعی می‌شود، از آسیب های اجتماعی است که کودکان و نوجوانان در بازیها با آن آشنا می‌شوند. • ناامیدی :معیار ناامیدی در بازی ها مرتبط با احساسی است که بازیکن بر خلاف میل خود مجبور است عملی را انجام داده و یا انجام ندهد. این اتفاق باعث ایجاد نوعی عذاب وجدان و احساس گناه در او می شود.

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