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Anatomical Position

Anatomical Position. Anatomical Position. body erect feet together arms hanging at sides palms facing forward. superior inferior anterior posterior medial lateral intermediate proximal. ipsilateral contralateral distal superficial deep parietal visceral. Directional Terms.

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Anatomical Position

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  1. Anatomical Position

  2. Anatomical Position • body erect • feet together • arms hanging at sides • palms facing forward

  3. superior inferior anterior posterior medial lateral intermediate proximal ipsilateral contralateral distal superficial deep parietal visceral Directional Terms

  4. Superior • towards the head • upper part of structure • above • Examples: - forehead is superior to the nose - lips are superior to the chin - heart is superior to the liver

  5. Inferior • away from head end • toward lower region of structure or body • Examples: - navel is inferior to the breastbone - knee is inferior to the hip - stomach is inferior to the lungs

  6. Anterior • towards the front • in front of • Examples: - breast bone is anterior to the spine - front teeth are anterior to the back teeth - sternum is anterior to the heart

  7. Posterior • toward or at the back • behind • Examples - heart is posterior to the sternum - molars are posterior to the front or anterior teeth - esophagus is posterior to the trachea

  8. Medial • towards the midline • inner side of • Examples: - head is medial to the arm - ulna is on the medial side of the forearm

  9. Lateral • away from the midline • towards the side • Examples: - eye is lateral to the bridge of the nose - lungs are lateral to the heart

  10. Intermediate • between a more medial and more lateral structure • Examples: - collar bone is intermediate between the breast bone and the shoulder - ring finger is intermediate between the little and middle fingers

  11. Proximal • close to origin or point of attachment • sides next to each other • Examples: - elbow is proximal to the wrist (closer to the shoulder than that the wrist) - humerus is proximal to the radius

  12. Ipsilateral • on same side of the body • Examples: - ring finger is ipsilsteral to the little or middle fingers

  13. Contralateral • on the opposite side of the body • Examples: - ascending and descending colons of the large intestine are contralateral

  14. Distal • farthest from origin • Examples: - knee is distal to thigh - wrist is distal to shoulder - phalanges are distal to the carpals (wrist bones)

  15. Superficial • towards the surface • Examples: - skin is superficial to the skeleton - muscles of the thoracic wall are superficial to the lungs

  16. Deep • more internal • Examples: - heart is deep in relation to the skin - nasal sinuses are deep in relation to the nose

  17. Parietal • pertaining to or forming the outer wall of a body cavity • Example: - parietal pleura forms the outer layer of the pleural sacs that surround the lungs

  18. Visceral • pertaining to the covering of an organ within the ventral body cavity • Example: - visceral pleura forms the inner layer of the pleural sacs and covers the external surface of the lungs

  19. Body Planes • imaginary lines used to divide body into sections - sagittal - mid-sagittal - frontal - transverse - oblique

  20. Sagittal • vertical plane • lengthwise • longitudinal • divides the body into right and left portions

  21. Mid-sagittal • midline • divides the body into equal right and left portions

  22. Frontal(coronal) • right angles to sagittal plane • divides the body into anterior and posterior portions

  23. Transverse(horizontal) • divides the body into superior and inferior regions

  24. Oblique • an oblique plane passes at an angle between transverse and frontal planes or between transverse and sagittal planes

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