Biology Final Exam Review

1. Biology Final Exam Review

2. Scientific Method Review 2. In terms of the scientific method, the purpose of an experiment is to a) form a hypothesis. b) collect data. c) form a conclusion. d) test a hypothesis.

3. Scientific Method Review 3. A validity measure is used to make sure that a) the lab procedure collects meaningful data. b) the lab procedure collects consistent data. c) the procedure doesn’t take too long. d) the measurements are more precise.

4. Scientific Method Review 4. The variable that is changed by the researcher is called the a) Controlled variable. b) Manipulated variable. c) Responding variable. d) Reliability measure.

5. Scientific Method Review 6. The first step in the scientific method is a) testing a hypothesis. b) forming a hypothesis. c) making observations. d) analyzing data.

6. Scientific Method Review 7. A testable question should include: • a manipulated variable and a responding variable • a manipulated variable and two controlled variables. c) a manipulated variable, two controlled variables, and a responding variable. d) a manipulated variable, two controlled variables, a responding variable, and a reasoning statement.

7. Scientific Method Review 8. All forms of life on Earth a) are capable of movement. b) absorb and use materials. c) absorb and use sunlight. d) consist of many cells.

8. Scientific Method Review 9. A controlled experiment allows the researcher to isolate and test a) a conclusion. b) a mass of information. c) a group of variables. d) a single variable.

9. Scientific Method Review 10. A researcher records the color of a Benedict’s solution as light blue. This data is considered a) qualitative. b) quantitative. c) an inference. d) None of the above.

10. Scientific Method Review 11. After identifying the light yellow color of an iodine solution, the researcher decides that there must not have been any starches in the solution. This decision is considered a) an observation. b) invalid c) an inference. d) All of the above.

11. Chemistry of Life Review 4. The major functions of lipids in organisms do NOT include a) storing energy. b) supporting structures. c) forming membranes. d) waterproofing surfaces.

12. Chemistry of Life Review 9. The major functions of proteins in cells do NOT include a) regulating cell processes. b) transporting substances. c) storing energy. d) controlling reactions.

13. Chemistry of Life Review 10. If a reaction in one direction releases energy, the same reaction in the other direction a) also releases energy. b) cannot occur. c) destroys energy. d) requires energy.

14. Ecology Review 1. Energy flows through an ecosystem • in a cycle between organisms and chemicals. • in one direction from autotrophs to heterotrophs. • in one direction from heterotrophs to autotrophs. • only when it is interrupted by humans.

15. Ecology Review 2. In many ecosystems, the portion of the energy that is transferred from one trophic level to the next is about • 90 to 100 percent. • 50 percent. • 33 percent. • 10 percent.

16. Ecology Review 3. A population includes all • members of one species in an area. • living organisms in an area. • members of a certain species. • species that occur in an area.

17. Ecology Review 4. Most of the energy that supports life on Earth comes from • animals. • protein. • chemicals. • sunlight.

18. Ecology Review 5. An example of a producer is a(an) • grass plant in a lawn. • chicken raised on a farm. • farmer who raises corn. • earthworm in a cornfield.

19. Ecology Review 8. If nitrogen is in such short supply in an ecosystem that an animal's growth is affected, • the animal becomes an autotroph. • the animal becomes a heterotroph. • nitrogen is not required for growth. • nitrogen is a limiting nutrient.

20. Ecology Review 9. Phosphorus moves through the biosphere • by cycling within and between ecosystems. • by one-way movement through ecosystems. • in air and water, but not in organisms. • in organisms, but not in air or water.

21. Ecology Review 10. The difference between an ecosystem and a community is that a(an) • community includes both living and nonliving parts of the environment. • community includes both natural and artificial parts of the environment. • ecosystem includes both living and nonliving parts of the environment. • ecosystem includes both natural and artificial parts of the environment.

22. Ecology Review 1. Each of the following is an abiotic factor in the environment EXCEPT • plant life. • soil type. • rainfall. • temperature.

23. Ecology Review 2. After a volcanic eruption, which organisms are the most likely to appear on the newly exposed surface? • ferns • mosses • lichens • tree seedlings

24. Ecology Review 5. A relationship between organisms in which one species benefits and the other is not affected is • mutualism. • predation. • parasitism. • commensalism.

25. Ecology Review 4. Populations experience exponential growth • following logistic growth. • under extreme stress. • under ideal conditions. • when deprived of nutrients.

26. Ecology Review 5. During logistic growth of a population, the rate of population growth increases • at the beginning. • during the middle. • at the end. • at no time.

27. Ecology Review 6. Each of the following is a density-dependent limiting factor EXCEPT • competition. • drought. • crowding. • parasitism.

28. Ecology Review 8. As a population approaches the carrying capacity of its environment, the • death rate may rise. • birthrate may rise. • death rate and birthrate may both fall. • death rate and birthrate may both rise.

29. Ecology Review 1. Any species that is threatened with extinction • lives in only one habitat. • is an endangered species. • cannot be saved. • will be killed by severe weather.

30. Ecology Review 4. The release of carbon dioxide during the burning of fossil fuels contributes to • the destruction of ozone. • ultraviolet radiation. • global warming. • soil erosion.

31. Ecology Review 5. Species that are brought to new environments by humans • add to biodiversity. • have little effect on biodiversity. • have unknown effects on biodiversity. • are a threat to biodiversity.

32. Cell Structure and Function Review 1. Cell specialization means that cells in an organism are uniquely suited to • carry on reproduction. • respond to changing conditions. • react with the environment. • perform a specific function.

33. Cell Structure and Function Review 2. Which organisms are composed of cells that do not contain nuclei? • eukaryotes • prokaryotes • animals • plants

34. Cell Structure and Function Review 3. Which two organelles occur in plant cells but not animal cells? • nuclear envelopes and nuclei • cell membranes and chromosomes • cell walls and chloroplasts • ribosomes and chloroplasts

35. Cell Structure and Function Review 4. Of the following, the term that includes all the others is • nucleolus. • nuclear envelope. • nucleus. • chromosome.

36. Cell Structure and Function Review 5. If a more concentrated salt solution is on one side of a membrane and a less concentrated salt solution is on the other side, water molecules tend to pass through the membrane • from the side with more salt to the side with less salt. • from the side with less salt to the side with more salt. • equally in both directions. • until the cell membrane is broken down.

37. Cell Structure and Function Review 6. All of the following are types of tissues EXCEPT • muscle. • fat. • stomach. • blood.

38. Cell Structure and Function Review 8. All cells contain a • cell wall. • cell membrane. • nucleus. • mitochondrion.

39. Cell Structure and Function Review 9. Which of the following statements about the cell membrane is CORRECT? • It prevents the exit of all materials from the cell. • It has a rigid structure composed of cellulose. • It is a two-layered structure composed of lipids and proteins. • It is a fluid-filled organelle that surrounds the nucleolus.

40. Photosynthesis Review 1. Chlorophyll is important in the • formation of carbon dioxide. • reactions of the Calvin cycle. • formation of ADP from NADP+. • absorption of light energy.

41. Photosynthesis Review 2. The reactants of photosynthesis are • CO2 and H2O. • CO2 and H2. • C and O2. • C and H2.

42. Photosynthesis Review 3. The major products of the light-dependent reactions are • ATP and NADPH. • oxygen and water. • carbon dioxide and water. • ATP and sugars.

43. Photosynthesis Review 5. The release of energy in an organism depends on the conversion of • AMP to ADP. • ADP to ATP. • ATP to ADP. • ATP to AZP.

44. Photosynthesis Review 6. All of the following are true about the thylakoid membrane EXCEPT that it • is the site of chlorophyll molecules. • contains photosystems I and II. • is the site of the Calvin cycle. • is composed of lipids and proteins.

45. Photosynthesis Review 7. At the end of the electron transport chain in photosynthesis, high-energy electrons are passed to • NADPH. • NADP+. • ATP. • AMP.

46. Photosynthesis Review 8. The synthesis and breakdown of ATP within the cells is controlled by • active transport. • the cell membrane. • the nucleus. • enzymes.

47. Photosynthesis Review 10. During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is used to make sugars in the • thylakoids. • Calvin cycle. • light-dependent reactions. • Electron transport chain.

48. Respiration Review 1. In the Krebs cycle, • glucose is broken down into CO2 and H2O. • ATP is broken down into ADP and AMP. • CO2 is converted into pyruvic acid. • pyruvic acid is broken down into CO2 and H2O.

49. Respiration Review 2. Cellular respiration benefits organisms by • forming carbon dioxide. • breaking down glucose. • transferring energy to ATP. • consuming oxygen.

50. Respiration Review 3. The most important product of the electron transport chain in cellular respiration is • ATP. • NADH. • ADP. • NAD+.