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Chapter 23, part B

Chapter 23, part B. Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems. Biological Weapons. 1346 Plague-ridden bodies used by Tartar army against Kaffa 1925 Plaque-carrying flea bombs used in the Sino-Japanese War

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Chapter 23, part B

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  1. Chapter 23, part B Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

  2. Biological Weapons • 1346 Plague-ridden bodies used by Tartar army against Kaffa • 1925 Plaque-carrying flea bombs used in the Sino-Japanese War • 1950s U.S. Army spraying of S. marcescens to test weapons dispersal • 1972 International agreement to not possess biological weapons • 1979 B. anthracis weapons plant explosion in the Soviet Union • 1984 S. enterica used against the people of The Dalles • 2001 B. anthracis distributed in the U.S.

  3. Biological Weapons

  4. Gangrene • Ischemia • Loss of blood supply to tissue • Necrosis • Death of tissue • Gangrene • Death of soft tissue • Gas gangrene • Clostridium perfringens, gram-positive, endospore-forming anaerobic rod, grows in necrotic tissue • Treatment includes surgical removal of necrotic tissue and/or hyperbaric chamber

  5. Animal bites and scratches • Pasteurella multocida • Clostridium • Bacteroides • Fusobacterium • Bartonella hensellae • Cat-scratch disease

  6. Plague • Yersinia pestis, gram-negative rod • Reservoir • Rats, ground squirrels, prairie dogs • Vector • Xenopsylla cheopsis • Bubonic plague • Bacterial growth in blood and lymph • Septicemia plague • Septic shock • Pneumonic plague • Bacteria in the lungs

  7. Plague Figure 23.10, 11

  8. Relapsing Fever • Borrelia spp., spirochete • Reservoir • Rodents • Vector • Ticks • Successive relapses are less severe

  9. Lyme Disease • Borreliaburgdorferi • Reservoir • Deer • Vector • Ticks

  10. Lyme Disease Figure 23.13a

  11. Lyme Disease Figure 23.13b, c

  12. Lyme Disease • First symptom • bull's eye rash • Second phase • Irregular heartbeat, encephalitis • Third phase • Arthritis Figure 23.14

  13. Ehrlichiosis • Ehrlichia, gram-negative, obligately intracellular (in white blood cells) • Reservoir • Deer, rodents • Vector • Ticks Figure 23.15

  14. Typhus • Epidemic typhus • Rickettsia prowazekii • Reservoir • Rodents • Vector • Pediculus humanus corporis • Transmitted when louse feces rubbed into bite wound

  15. Typhus • Epidemic murine typhus • Rickettsia typhi • Reservoir • Rodents • Vector • Xenopsylla cheopsis

  16. Spotted Fevers (Rocky Mountain spotted fever) • Rickettsia rickettsii • Measles-like rash except that the rash appears on palms and soles too Figure 23.18

  17. Spotted Fevers (Rocky Mountain spotted fever) Figure 23.16

  18. Tick Life Cycle Figure 23.17

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