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American Involvement in WWI: Contributions and Challenges of Soldiers and Women

This chapter explores the role of Americans during World War I, highlighting key events and contributions. The Selective Service Act mandated the draft, enlisting about 3 million men, including the segregated 369th Infantry, which bravely served at the front. Women played significant roles in military nursing despite lacking full benefits. The U.S. Navy converted commercial ships into warships and implemented the convoy system. The chapter also details crucial battles and notable figures, including Alvin York and Eddie Rickenbacker, emphasizing the resilience and bravery of American forces in a time of dire need.

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American Involvement in WWI: Contributions and Challenges of Soldiers and Women

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  1. Chapter 11 WWI = Part 2

  2. Objectives: To describe the war and the role of the Americans in the war.

  3. Soldiers: • Selective Service Act – required men to register for the draft. • About 3 million men were called up…

  4. J. M. Flagg's Uncle Sam recruited soldiers

  5. Black units were segregated; mostly given non-combat missions. • The 369th(Black unit) saw more continuous duty on the front than any other unit in the war. • Henry Johnson & Needham Roberts received France’s “Croix de Guerre”.

  6. Women joined the Army Corps of Nurses, but were denied rank, pay and benefits. • Women also served in the navy and marines as nurses, secretaries, etc.

  7. US took private and commercial ships and converted them to warships. • By 1918, US had 95 ships.

  8. Vice Adm. Sims introduced the naval convoy system to transport goods. • (Naval ships guarded merchant ships)

  9. U.S. troops helped the demoralized Allied forces. • “The yanks are coming…” • “The Doughboys”

  10. General John J. Pershing Leader of the American Expeditionary Forces to France. “Lafayette, we are here!”

  11. Weapons of War: (p.384-5) • The refined machine gun • Tank (British) • Airplanes/Balloons/Zeppelins • Strategic bomber planes • Antiaircraft gun • Poison gas (Germany) (1925 Geneva Protocol outlawed this)

  12. Other Weapons of War: • Disease – trench mouth, trench foot, trench fever, dysentery, etc. • Filth, rats, lice • “shell shock” (PTSD)

  13. But by Sept. 1918, the US came in time to help save Paris.

  14. US Heroes: • Alvin York – conscientious objector (opposed to war) who decided to fight on moral grounds. Armed with a revolver and a rifle, he killed 25 Germans and captured 132. (6 Am. helped)

  15. Eddie Rickenbacker – US fighter acewho downed 26 enemy aircraft.

  16. German fighting ace von Richthofen called The Red Baron shot down 80 Allied planes.

  17. The Red Baron and the German Flying Circus.

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