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Understanding Angiosperm Life Cycle Stages and Growth Patterns

Delve into the intricate life cycle of angiosperms from seed to reproductive organs, and explore growth and reproduction stages in annual, biennial, and perennial plants. Learn about cell division, differentiation, tissue types, and organ functions in flowering plants.

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Understanding Angiosperm Life Cycle Stages and Growth Patterns

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  1. PLANT PLAN

  2. Angiosperms • Flowering plants • Review: seed -> *embryo • hypocotyls -> leaves • epicotyls -> shoot • radical -> primary root • shoots -> *stems, *leaves, and *flowers • Primary root -> *secondary root • Sporophyte 2n

  3. More information on cells • Cell division (mitosis) 2n • New Cells : produced in the meristems • Shoot meristem (tip of shoot) meristematic region pushed up • Root meristem meristematic region pushed down • Other meristems • Cell Differentiation • One divides into two • Cell elongation

  4. More information on cells cont. • Maturation of cells (specialization) • Vascular tissue • Xylem cells (HOH conduction) • vessel members • tracheids • Phloem cells (food conduction [produced in the leaves]) • Sieve – tube membranes • Companion cells • Other tissue epidermis, cortex, bark, others

  5. Organs • Vegetative organs • Roots: anchorage, absorption. conduction, and storage • Stems: production and support of leaves and flowers, conduction, and storage • Leaves: photosynthesis (food production), conduction, and storage • Reproductive organs • Sexual: flowers (exchange genetic material) • Asexual: tubers, runners, bulbs, corms (no exchange of genetic material)

  6. Stages of growth, development and reproduction (life phases) • Seed • Germination -> seedling • Vegetative growth (roots, stems, and leaves) • Food production and storage • Asexual reproduction • Sexual reproduction (flowers, fruits, and seeds) • Senescence old age to death

  7. Types of life patterns • Annual: full life span in one growing season (seed to seed to senescence) • Biennale: full life span in two consecutive growing seasons • First year vegetative growth and food storage (carrot) • Second year vegetative growth and sexual reproduction (fruit and seeds) • Perennial: lives and reproduces sexually for many growing seasons (Oak tree or oldest pine 6000 years)

  8. Indeterminate growth

  9. Determinate growth

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