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plant

plant. any organism that makes its own food, is eukaryotic and multicellular, and has organized tissues, plastids and cell walls containing cellulose. morphology. the exterior shape or form of an organism. anatomy. the inside workings of an organism. Major Plant Organs. roots stems leaves

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plant

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  1. plant • any organism that makes its own food, is eukaryotic and multicellular, and has organized tissues, plastids and cell walls containing cellulose

  2. morphology • the exterior shape or form of an organism

  3. anatomy • the inside workings of an organism

  4. Major Plant Organs • roots • stems • leaves • flowers

  5. node • a region on a stem where a leaf is or was attached

  6. root • the primary plant organ that absorbs water and minerals

  7. Root Systems • tap root • a type of root system having one or a few main roots that are thicker and longer than the other roots of the plant

  8. Root Systems • fibrous • a type of root system having a cluster of roots that are about equal in size

  9. stem • the only plant organ that has nodes • supports the leaves

  10. Types of Stems • woody • herbaceous

  11. leaf • a plant organ that does not have a node but is connected to a stem at a node

  12. blade • the flat part of the leaf

  13. petiole • the part of the leaf between the node and the blade

  14. veins • conducting tissues for water and sugar

  15. pinnate venation • one main vein with smaller veins branching from it

  16. parallel venation • veins are all parallel to each other

  17. palmate venation • veins branch away from the base of the leaf

  18. parallel pinnate palmate

  19. Classifying Leaves • simple • has one single, undivided blade • compound • has a blade divided into leaflets

  20. Leaves • alternate • only one leaf attached at a node

  21. Leaves • opposite • two leaves attached at a node

  22. Leaves • whorled • three or more leaves attached at a node

  23. plant • any organism that makes its own food, is eukaryotic and multicellular, and has organized tissues, plastids, and cell walls containing cellulose

  24. chloroplasts • convert light energy from the sun to food via photosynthesis

  25. Photosynthesis carbon dioxide + water + light energy sugar + oxygen

  26. xylem • characterized by long, hollow cells that carry water • conducts water and dissolved minerals upward

  27. xylem

  28. heartwood heartwood • dead xylem cells that contain tars or resins

  29. sapwood sapwood • xylem that still functions in transporting water and minerals

  30. phloem • conducts dissolved food from the leaves to the other parts of the plant

  31. phloem xylem

  32. vascular bundle • a strand of vascular tissue in the leaves, young plants, and non-woody stems

  33. vascular bundle

  34. fibers • long, thick-walled cells that function to support a plant

  35. epidermis • a tissue that serves as a protective covering layer

  36. cuticle • the protective covering surrounding the epidermis

  37. bark • the outer covering of woody plants

  38. vascular cambium • makes new xylem and new phloem cells

  39. vascular cambium xylem phloem

  40. cork cambium • a layer of living cells just under the dead cork, which constantly divides, producing new cork cells

  41. cork cambium vascular cambium xylem phloem

  42. Classifying Plants • nonvascular plants • vascular plants • seeded • seedless

  43. vascular plant • a plant which has tissuesthat conduct water and other materials

  44. nonvascular plant • a plant which lacks tissues that conduct water and other materials

  45. nonvascular plant • tall or short? • materials transported by diffusion

  46. diffusion • molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

  47. nonvascular plant • mosses • liverworts • hornworts

  48. “leaf” capsule spores stalk rhizoid

  49. spore • a cell with a hard, protective covering

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