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APES

APES . Get out Air Pollution Lab Get out Superfund Poster – staple rubric to the BOTTOM (So we see both the poster & the rubric at the same time). Indoor Air Pollution . Ch. 18. Indoor Air Pollution.

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APES

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  1. APES • Get out Air Pollution Lab • Get out Superfund Poster – staple rubric to the BOTTOM(So we see both the poster & the rubric at the same time)

  2. Indoor Air Pollution Ch. 18

  3. Indoor Air Pollution The most threatening indoor air pollutants are smoke and soot from the burning of wood and coal in cooking fires (mostly in less-developed countries), cigarette smoke, and chemicals used in building materials and cleaning products.

  4. Developing Countries • Indoor burning of wood, charcoal, dung, crop residues, coal • Poor suffer the greatest risk

  5. Developed Countries Indoor air pollution > outdoor air pollution WHY? • 11 of the common air pollutants higher inside than outside • Greater in vehicles than outside • Health risks magnified: people spend 70 – 98% of their time indoors/in cars.

  6. Who is at greatest risk? • Children under 5 • Elderly • Sick • Pregnant Women • People with respiratory disorders or heart problems • Smokers • Factory Workers

  7. Chloroform Source:Chlorine-treated water in hot showers Possible threat: Cancer Para-dichlorobenzene Source: Air fresheners, mothball crystals Threat: Cancer Tetrachloroethylene Source:Dry-cleaning fluid fumes on clothes Threat: Nerve disorders, damage to liver and kidneys, possible cancer Formaldehyde Source: Furniture stuffing, paneling, particleboard, foam insulation Threat: Irritation of eyes, throat, skin, and lungs; nausea; dizziness 1,1,1-Trichloroethane Source:Aerosol sprays Threat: Dizziness, irregular breathing Styrene Source:Carpets, plastic products Threat: Kidney and liver damage Nitrogen oxides Source: Unvented gas stoves and kerosene heaters, woodstoves Threat: Irritated lungs, children's colds, headaches Benzo- -pyrene Source: Tobacco smoke,woodstoves Threat: Lung cancer Particulates Source:Pollen, pet dander, dust mites, cooking smoke particles Threat: Irritated lungs, asthma attacks, itchy eyes, runny nose, lung disease Radon-222 Source: Radioactive soil and rock surrounding foundation, water supply Threat: Lung cancer Tobacco smoke Source:Cigarettes Threat: Lung cancer, respiratory ailments, heart disease Asbestos Source:Pipe insulation, vinyl ceiling and floor tiles Threat: Lung disease, lung cancer Methylene chloride Source:Paint strippers and thinners Threat: Nerve disorders, diabetes Carbon monoxide Source:Faulty furnaces, unvented gas stoves and kerosene heaters, woodstoves Threat: Headaches, drowsiness, irregular heartbeat, death Fig. 18-19, p. 482

  8. Fig. 17-17 p. 434 Indoor Air PollutionSick Building Syndrome

  9. Four Most Dangerous Indoor Air Pollutants • Tobacco Smoke • Formaldehyde (CH2O) • Radioactive radon – 222 gas • Very Small particles

  10. Other Possible Indoor Air Pollutants • Living organisms & their excrements • Dust mites & cockroach droppings • Airborne spores of molds & mildew • Pesticide Residue • Pb Particles

  11. Radon-222 • Colorless, odorless, radioactive gas • Produced by natural decay of Uranium-238, small amounts found in rocks/soil

  12. Radon-222 • When released outside decay = harmless • Can build to high levels inside.

  13. Radon Gas Case Study

  14. Radon-222 • Decays into solid particles of other radioactive elements. ie: polonium-210 • Inhaled exposes lungs to alpha particles • 2nd leading cause of lung cancer

  15. Effects of Air Pollution on Living Organisms and Materials • Damage to mucous membranes • Respiratory Disease • Lung cancer • Asthma – allergic reaction • Chronic Bronchitis – persistent inflammation • Emphysema – Irreversible damage

  16. Nasal cavity Oral cavity Pharynx (throat) (see figure 17.18b) Trachea (windpipe) Bronchus Right lung Bronchioles (see figure 17.18c)

  17. Epithelial cell Cilia Mucus

  18. Bronchiole Alveolar sac (sectioned) Alveolar duct Alveoli

  19. Effects of Air Pollution on Living Organisms and Materials • Damage to plant leaves and roots • Reduction in primary productivity • Deterioration of materials

  20. Premature Deaths from Air Pollution in the U.S. Fig. 18-22, p. 485

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