Thirty Years Pass

1. Thirty Years Pass • Tension mounts • Southerners fear anti-slavery forces are winning • Now California wants to join as a Free State (dadada DUM!)

2. More Compromise: The Compromise of 1850 For Abolitionists For Supporters • California enters as a Free State • Outlaws (abolishes) slavery in DC • Stronger fugitive slave law • New Mexico and Utah make their own decisions about slavery

3. Guess Who’s Still Not Happy

4. The Georgia Platform • Georgia decides to stand with the Union (for now) • BUT – secession does stay in the back of their minds • Georgia delegates wanted to “preserve that Union which has extended … over a vast wilderness to another ocean…”

5. Fugitive Slave Act • Escaped “fugitives” must be returned • Anyone who helped, hid, or harbored them could face: • $1000 fine OR • 6 months in prison

6. Excerpt from Fugitive Slave Act Section 7 “And be it further enacted, That any person who shall knowingly and willingly obstruct, hinder, or prevent such claimant, his agent or attorney, or any person or persons lawfully assisting him, her, or them, from arresting such a fugitive from service or labor,…or shall harbor or conceal such fugitive, so as to prevent the discovery and arrest of such person, after notice or knowledge of the fact that such person was a fugitive from service or labor as aforesaid, shall, for either of said offences, be subject to a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, and imprisonment not exceeding six months…”

7. A Plea for Change: Uncle Tom’s Cabin • Harriet Beecher Stowe of Connecticut • "...the enslaving of the African race is a clear violation of the great law which commands us to love our neighbor as ourselves"

8. Your Turn • Your are a middle class Northerner in the free state of Ohio. • It’s broad-open daylight • There is a knock at your back door • There stands a desperate family of three (Mom, Dad, daughter) who has escaped a plantation in neighboring Virginia. • It’s January. • What would you do?

9. Kansas-Nebraska Act • Kansas and Nebraska territories could decide whether to be Free States or Slave States • Included: Kansas, Nebraska, Montana, SD and ND • This is called popular sovereignty • “Bleeding Kansas”

10. The Dred Scott Case • Dred Scott v. Sandford • Slave who lived for a short time in free Minnesota • Thought he should be free • Supreme Court ruled against him • Said slaves were NOT citizens and couldn’t sue

11. Cause # 3: A Presidential Election • 1860 Election • Lincoln represented Northern Republicans • John Breckinridge was Southern Democrats * • Lincoln won with 59% of votes

12. Days Later • South Carolina voted 169 – 0 to Secede from the Union • Georgia voted 208 – 89 to Secede • Even those who didn’t vote pledge their “lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor to the defense of Georgia.” • Free and independent “Republic of Georgia”

13. Total States to Secede • South Carolina • Georgia • Mississippi • Alabama • Florida • Louisiana • Texas, • Virginia • Arkansas, • North Carolina • Tennessee

14. Birth of a New Nation • Confederate States of America • Created in 1861 • President – Jefferson Davis (MS) • Vice President – Robert Toombs (GA) • Capitol – Richmond, VA

15. Confederate States of America1861