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Chapter 33. The Great Depression and the New Deal, 1933–1939. Question. Eleanor Roosevelt was known as the “conscience of the New Deal” for all of the following reasons EXCEPT she overcame the misery of an unhappy childhood and emerged as a champion of the dispossessed.
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Chapter 33 The Great Depression and the New Deal, 1933–1939
Question Eleanor Roosevelt was known as the “conscience of the New Deal” for all of the following reasons EXCEPT she • overcame the misery of an unhappy childhood and emerged as a champion of the dispossessed. • traveled countless miles with FDR or on his behalf in all his campaigns. • had worked in a New York settlement house, and later on, she joined the Women’s Trade Union League and the League of Women Voters. • brought an unprecedented number of women activists with her to Washington.
Answer Eleanor Roosevelt was known as the “conscience of the New Deal” for all of the following reasons EXCEPT she • overcame the misery of an unhappy childhood and emerged as a champion of the dispossessed. • traveled countless miles with FDR or on his behalf in all his campaigns. (correct) • had worked in a New York settlement house, and later on, she joined the Women’s Trade Union League and the League of Women Voters. • brought an unprecedented number of women activists with her to Washington. Hint: See page 824.
Question All of the following were true of the Brain Trust EXCEPT • they were a small group of reform-minded intellectuals. • they were primarily associated with the banking industry. • they were predominantly youngish college professors. • as a kind of kitchen cabinet, they later authored much of the New Deal legislation.
Answer All of the following were true of the Brain Trust EXCEPT • they were a small group of reform-minded intellectuals. • they were primarily associated with the banking industry. (correct) • they were predominantly youngish college professors. • as a kind of kitchen cabinet, they later authored much of the New Deal legislation. Hint: See page 825.
Question Keynesianism was • heavy reliance primarily on the agricultural sector to boost consumption and restore fiscal balance. • the use of tax cuts and monetary policy to boost the economy through “trickle down” economics. • the use of government spending and fiscal policy to “prime the pump” of the economy and encourage consumer spending. • the use of key economic indicators to track the effects of the prevailing laissez-faire approach to governance.
Answer Keynesianism was • heavy reliance primarily on the agricultural sector to boost consumption and restore fiscal balance. • the use of tax cuts and monetary policy to boost the economy through “trickle down” economics. • the use of government spending and fiscal policy to “prime the pump” of the economy and encourage consumer spending. (correct) • the use of key economic indicators to track the effects of the prevailing laissez-faire approach to governance. Hint: See page 846.
Question All of the following were true of the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) EXCEPT • it proved to be perhaps the most popular of all the New Deal “alphabetical agencies.” • it provided employment in fresh-air government camps for about 3 million ex-criminals as part of a work-release rehabilitation program. • their work was useful—including reforestation, firefighting (forty-seven lost their lives), flood control, and swamp drainage. • the recruits were required to help their parents by sending home most of their pay.
Answer All of the following were true of the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) EXCEPT • it proved to be perhaps the most popular of all the New Deal “alphabetical agencies.” • it provided employment in fresh-air government camps for about 3 million ex-criminals as part of a work-release rehabilitation program. (correct) • their work was useful—including reforestation, firefighting (forty-seven lost their lives), flood control, and swamp drainage. • the recruits were required to help their parents by sending home most of their pay. Hint: See page 830.
Question All of the following were true of the National Recovery Administration (NRA) EXCEPT • it was by far the most complex and far-reaching effort by the New Dealers to combine immediate relief with long-range recovery and reform. • it was designed to assist industry, labor, and the unemployed. • individual industries worked out “fair competition” codes to reduce hours of labor so that employment could be spread over more people. • a floor was placed on the maximum hours of labor; a ceiling was placed above wages to establish maximum levels.
Answer All of the following were true of the National Recovery Administration (NRA) EXCEPT • it was by far the most complex and far-reaching effort by the New Dealers to combine immediate relief with long-range recovery and reform. • it was designed to assist industry, labor, and the unemployed. • individual industries worked out “fair competition” codes to reduce hours of labor so that employment could be spread over more people. • a floor was placed on the maximum hours of labor; a ceiling was placed above wages to establish maximum levels. (correct) Hint: See page 835.
Question All of the following were true of the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) EXCEPT • it rejected radical new approaches to farm recovery. • through “artificial scarcity,” this agency was to establish “parity prices” for basic commodities. • “parity” was the price set for a product that gave it the same real value, in purchasing power, that it had enjoyed during the period from 1909 to 1914. • the AAA would eliminate price-depressing surpluses by paying growers to reduce their crop acreage.
Answer All of the following were true of the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) EXCEPT • it rejected radical new approaches to farm recovery. (correct) • through “artificial scarcity,” this agency was to establish “parity prices” for basic commodities. • “parity” was the price set for a product that gave it the same real value, in purchasing power, that it had enjoyed during the period from 1909 to 1914. • the AAA would eliminate price-depressing surpluses by paying growers to reduce their crop acreage. Hint: See page 837.
Question All of the following were true of the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) EXCEPT • this far-ranging enterprise was largely a result of the steadfast vision and unflagging zeal of Senator George W. Norris of Nebraska. • from the standpoint of “planned economy,” the TVA was by far the most revolutionary of all the New Deal schemes. • this new agency aimed to discover how much the production and distribution of electricity cost, so that a “yardstick” could be set up to test the fairness of rates charged by private companies. • the low cost of TVA power was due to dishonest bookkeeping and the absence of taxes.
Answer All of the following were true of the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) EXCEPT • this far-ranging enterprise was largely a result of the steadfast vision and unflagging zeal of Senator George W. Norris of Nebraska. • from the standpoint of “planned economy,” the TVA was by far the most revolutionary of all the New Deal schemes. • this new agency aimed to discover how much the production and distribution of electricity cost, so that a “yardstick” could be set up to test the fairness of rates charged by private companies. • the low cost of TVA power was due to dishonest bookkeeping and the absence of taxes. (correct) Hint: See page 839.
Question All of the following were true of the Social Security Act EXCEPT • to cushion future depressions, the measure provided for federal-state unemployment insurance. • to provide security for old age, specified categories of retired workers were to receive regular payments from Washington. • payments ranged from $10 to $85 a month (raised periodically) and were financed by a payroll tax solely on employers. • provision was made for the blind, the physically handicapped, delinquent children, and other dependents.
Answer All of the following were true of the Social Security Act EXCEPT • to cushion future depressions, the measure provided for federal-state unemployment insurance. • to provide security for old age, specified categories of retired workers were to receive regular payments from Washington. • payments ranged from $10 to $85 a month (raised periodically) and were financed by a payroll tax solely on employers. (correct) • provision was made for the blind, the physically handicapped, delinquent children, and other dependents. Hint: See page 841.
Question All of the following were true of the Wagner Act EXCEPT it • was also known as the National Labor Relations Act. • destroyed the old National Labor Relations Board. • was a major milestone for American workers. • was known as the Magna Carta of American labor.
Answer All of the following were true of the Wagner Act EXCEPT it • was also known as the National Labor Relations Act. • destroyed the old National Labor Relations Board. (correct) • was a major milestone for American workers. • was known as the Magna Carta of American labor. Hint: See page 841.
Question The Court Packing Plan involved • subtracting every conservative justice appointed since the Wilson administration. • adding a new justice to the Supreme Court for every member over seventy who would not retire. • dividing the justices into three camps—radicals, moderates, and conservatives—and sending the conservatives packing. • multiplying the number of justices by the number of New Deal agencies that they struck down, in order to create an incentive to uphold New Deal legislation.
Answer The Court Packing Plan involved • subtracting every conservative justice appointed since the Wilson administration. • adding a new justice to the Supreme Court for every member over seventy who would not retire. (correct) • dividing the justices into three camps—radicals, moderates, and conservatives—and sending the conservatives packing. • multiplying the number of justices by the number of New Deal agencies that they struck down, in order to create an incentive to uphold New Deal legislation. Hint: See pages 845–846.
