Report Writing & Preparation for Viva

1. Report Writing & Preparation for Viva Research Methodology Class

2. REPORT WRITING • Your report must contains, • Abstract • Chapter 1 - Introduction • Chapter 2 - Literature Review • Chapter 3 - System Analysis & Design / Techniques used / Algorithm or Rules development • Chapter 4 - Implementation/ System Development • Chapter 5 - Evaluation & Analysis of Result • Chapter 6 – Conclusion & Future Work • References/Bibliography • Appendix Project I

3. Chapter 1 - Introduction • The first chapter of your report is normally given the title Introduction. • The introduction chapter should be written to engage the interest of the reader. • It is the place where you should, • discuss the background of the study • state and define the problem that you are trying to address or solve • state the aims and objectives of the project • state the scope of the project

4. Background of the study • An introductory section to discuss the general field of the subject area from which your research is to be drawn. • You should give some explanation as to why it is important to do this project title and why it is of interest to you. • Problem statement • This section is the most important as in any research the establishment of one of the above represents the whole basis for completing the project. • Describe the problem/difficulty/situation that interests you.

5. Aims and objectives • In this section, you should explain what you are intending to achieve by doing this research. • The intentions should be derived from the existing body of knowledge . • The overall aim would be to satisfy the requirements of the objectives. • Scope of the project • To discuss the particular domain on which you will focus. • To limit the scope of the project

6. Chapter 2 - LR • May include some of these information: • Theoretical background of the research area/domain – past, present or future • Methodology and/or research methods • Previous works/findings • Rationale and/or relevance of the current study

7. Chapter 3 • A chapter to discuss about: • The methodology used to conduct the research activities • Survey • Observations • Experiments • Simulations • Interview • The system analysis or the system design (modules, flow) • The techniques/tools/languages proposed • The development of a new Algorithm /a set of Rules / engines • The development of the database or knowledgebase Data Collection or Knowledge Acquisition

8. Chapter 4 - Implementation • This chapter presents the implementation of the system or how you develop the system

9. Chapter 5 - Evaluation • This chapter discusses about the evaluation performs on your system: • To measure the performance of the system • Workability / functionality • Efficiency • Accuracy • Precision/Recall • Usability • ???

10. Chapter 6 – Conclusion • The main purpose of the last chapter, Conclusion, are to: • show how you have attempted to fill the gap on knowledge that was identified earlier • clarify to what extent the study has been successful. • Four basic steps to take in writing Conclusion: • Summarize your research • Spell out your contribution • State the limitations of your study • Suggest potential areas of further research

11. Example: CONCLUSIONS In this paper, we propose an ensemble approach which integrates two of the most effective assessment techniques of LSA and n-gram co-occurrence into an efficient technique for automatic summary assessment. Performance comparison between the proposed ensemble approach with other existing techniques has also been conducted.The proposed approach has achieved an overall accuracy of 96% as compared to the best existing technique, BLEU, which has an overall accuracy of 87%. For future work, as the techniques used and proposed in this paper are mainly based on latent semantic analysis or machine translation based evaluation techniques, we will investigate the effectiveness of using machine learning or statistical approaches for the assessment of summary writings. In addition, as our current approach only focuses on semantic assessment of contents, we also intend to develop a complete summary assessment system by incorporating an English language assessor and style checker.

12. Abstract • The abstract is the last section of a thesis to be written. • It is written after the research has been completed. • It provides the reader with a summary of the contents of the thesis. • It is generally one of the first a reader will look at and therefore it is important that the Abstract gives the reader a good initial impression.

13. An abstract should ideally present these information, following the order in which the information is presented in the thesis: • The purpose/objectives of the research • The reasons/justifications why the research was carried out. • The research method/techniques employed. • The mains results and conclusion. • Recommendation • Length • The length of an abstract of a thesis is usually around 200 – 500 words. • It must include all the essential points with no redundant words or expressions.

14. Tense • Approach 1: • which sees the abstract as a description of the thesis itself, i.e., the document that the abstract is summarising – present tense. • Approach 2: • which sees an abstract as a summary of the research that is reported in that document – both present simple and past simple tenses. • The present is used for stating the purpose and for presenting the conclusions recommendations • The past is used to describe the method used and to present the individual findings.

15. FORMAT OF THE REPORT • TITLE The title must be the title of research which has been approved by the Supervisor. • ABSTRACT (a) Not more than 500 words (b) Written in English or Bahasa Malaysia (based on the language chosen for the report writing) • MAXIMUM LENGTH 20,000 words (Excluding footnote, appendices, tables, diagrams, references and bibliography) • PRINTING QUALITY (a) 1.5 lines -spacing for all sections. Single-spacing can be used for footnote, appendices, tables and diagrams. (b) Font type: Times New Roman and Equation Editor for mathematical text. (c) Font size 12 for all text and font size 8 for footnotes.

16. INDENT • The indents of pages are as follows: • Top : 2.0 cm • Right : 2.0 cm • Left : 4.0 cm • Bottom : 2.0 cm

17. Front Page

18. PAGE NUMBERING (a) Font size 8 is recommended for page numbering. (b) All page numbers should be printed 1.0 cm from the bottom margin and placed on the right-hand side; (c) Roman numerals (i, ii, iii etc) should be used in the Preface section; (d) The Title Page and the first page of the Preface should not be numbered. Numbering begins on the second page with ‘ii’. • REFERENCES APA style. Format references – please refer to the APA guideline: http://www.ips.um.edu.my/images/ips/doc/download/APA-Guide.pdf

19. PREPARATION FOR VIVA • Viva I • Presentation of your proposal – 10min • To show the mastery of tool, you need to develop a prototype of your project – 10 min • Q&A – 10 min • Viva II • Briefly explain about your project – 5 min • Demonstrate the working system – 15 min • Q&A – 10 min

20. Viva Project I SLIDES: • Introduction – explain the background of the study • Objectives • Scopes • Literature Reviews – • Domain of the project • Previous works • Techniques proposed • Data Collection/Knowledge Acquisition • System Design / Knowledgebase / Rules / Model / Algorithm

21. Viva Project II SLIDES: • Introduction – briefly explain about the project • Objectives • Scopes • Techniques/Rules/Model/Algorithm employed or developed • Evaluation – results • Conclusion