1 / 10

Exploring Carboxylic Acids: Properties and Uses

Learn about methanoic, ethanoic, propanoic, and butanoic acids, their physical properties, boiling points, occurrence in nature, and various industrial uses. Understand the solubility of short-chain acids and the significance of carboxylic dimers.

alicer
Download Presentation

Exploring Carboxylic Acids: Properties and Uses

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Carboxylic acids

  2. Carboxylic acids • Methanoic acid HCOOH • Ethanoic acid CH3COOH • Propanoic acid C2H5COOH • Butanoic acid C3H7COOH

  3. Methanoic acid HCOOH

  4. Ethanoic acid CH3COOH

  5. Propanoic acid C2H5COOH

  6. Butanoic acid C3H7COOH

  7. Physical properties • Physical state: Methanoic acid and ethanoic acid are liquids, while propanoic acid and butanoic acid are solids • Short chain carboxylic acids are soluble in water due to the polar COOH group • Carboxylic acids are soluble in non-polar solvents such as cyclohexane

  8. Boiling points of carboxylic acids • Boiling points higher than the corresponding alcohols • This is because carboxylic acids form dimers, where two carboxylic acid molecules are held together by two hydrogen bonds • This is possible due to polarity in both the C=O and O-H bonds in each carboxylic acid molecule

  9. Ethanoic acid dimer δ- δ+ δ- δ+ δ+ δ- δ+ δ-

  10. Occurrence and uses • Methanoic acid is found in the sting of ants and nettles • Ethanoic acid is the principal acid in vinegar • Ethanoic acid is used in the manufacture of cellulose acetate • Propanoic acid, benzoic acid and their salts (e.g. sodium benzoate) are used as food preservatives

More Related