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Classification

Classification. How do we classify living things?. All life is classified (organized) using an 8 step classification system. This system was originally created by Carl Linneaus in the 1750’s. In the 1990’s, it was updated based on the research of Carl Woese ( woh-zz ).

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Classification

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  1. Classification

  2. How do we classify living things? • All life is classified (organized) using an 8 step classification system. • This system was originally created by Carl Linneaus in the 1750’s. • In the 1990’s, it was updated based on the research of Carl Woese (woh-zz).

  3. How do we classify living things? • Scientists use the following characteristics to classify organisms into each of the eight “ranks”: • Physical structures (internal and external) • DNA • Structure of the cells from which the organism is made (nucleus, cell membrane, etc.)

  4. How do we classify living things? • There are multiple divisions off of each rank in this classification system. • Together, all of the divisions create the “Tree of Life”

  5. Domain • There are 3 domains of life: • Archea • Single-celled organisms • Cell does not have a definite nucleus • The oldest domain on Earth • Bacteria • Single-celled organisms • Cell does not have a definite nucleus • Eukarya • Single or multi-celled organisms • Cells have a definite nucleus

  6. Kingdom • There are 4 kingdoms in the Eukaryadomain: • Animalia(animals) • Plantae (plants) • Fungi • Protista (microscopic organisms) What kingdoms are the following organisms members of: Turtle Tree Human Mushroom Lady bug Algae

  7. Naming Species • As scientists work their way down the ranking system, each organism falls into one of the existing categories. • An organism’s official scientific name is its genus and species.

  8. Naming Species • Example: A wolf’s scientific name is Canis lupus • Do you know any other scientific names of organisms?

  9. Identifying Organisms • Scientists use dichotomous (or taxonomic) keys to identify organisms. • Dichotomous keys use a series of “either/or” choices to guide the scientist in identifying the organism. • Here is a simple example:

  10. Identifying Organisms • Use the dichotomous key to identify these birds:

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