Implementation Activities within the WMO Space Programme

1. Implementation Activities within the WMO Space Programme Dr Donald E. Hinsman Head WMO Space Programme World Meteorological Organization

2. Outline • Status of the WWW’s space-based component GOS • Towards an integrated WMO GOS • WMO Space Programme Implementation Plan • New CBS OPAG IOS Expert Team • “The Role of Satellites in WMO Programmes in the 2010s”

3. On April 1, 1960 the first U.S. • weather satellite was • launched from • Cape Canaveral, FL Satellites were the genesis On April 1, 1960 the first U.S. weather satellite was launched from Cape Canaveral, FL • SATELLITES AND THE WWW • UN Resolution No. 1721 for “international co-operation in the peaceful uses of outer space” approved 20 December 1961 • Advent of satellites offered substantial opportunities for improvements in meteorological services • Called on WMO to lead a study and report on recommendations of the UN Resolution • Report delivered in June 1962 • “First report on the advancement of atmospheric sciences and their application in the light of developments in outer space” • Birth of World Weather Watch

4. WMO space-based component of the WWW’s Global Observing System (2004) Unparalleled international cooperation has been achieved in satellite activities*

5. Status of the WWW’s space-based component GOS • Newest members • NASA – Aqua, Terra, NPP, TRMM, QuickScat • JAXA – ADEOS-II, GCOM series • ESA – ERS 1 and 2, ENVISAT • RASA –METEOR 3M N1 (R&D inst), OKEAN series • CNES – Jason-1, SPOT-5 • IMD – INSAT series • Possible future members • {Republic of Korea} • {JAXA – GOSAT}

6. Towards an integrated WMO GOS • CM-4 recommendation for EC-XLVI (June 2004) consideration • Space-based sub-system of an integrated WMO global observing system • operational meteorological polar orbiting satellites • operational meteorological geostationary satellites • environmental Research and Development satellite constellations • Three Earth-system domains and two cross-cutting sets of requirements for atmosphere, ocean, land, climate and natural disaster reduction

7. Towards an integrated WMO GOS (continued) • Three Earth-system domains • Atmosphere meeting the needs of • operational WWW, aviation meteorology (CAeM) and agricultural meteorology (CAgM) • weather research WWRP (CAS) • atmospheric chemistry, GAW – CAS • Ocean meeting the needs of • Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) • JCOMM

8. Towards an integrated WMO GOS (continued) • Three Earth-system domains (continued) • Land surface and fresh water meeting the needs of • World Hydrological Cycle Observing System (WHyCOS) • Hydrology and Water Resource Programme (HWR) as articulated through CHy • WMO-co-sponsored Global terrestrial Observing System (GTOS) • CAgM

9. Towards an integrated WMO GOS (continued) • Two cross-cutting sets of requirements • Climate, incremental to, and integrating across, the domain-based observing systems meeting the needs of • climate research, (WCRP) • climate policy, articulated through SBSTA, COP, based on information from IPCC etc. • climate monitoring and services, articulated through CCl, CAgM, CHy • Natural disaster reduction, incremental to, and integrating across, the domain-based observing systems to support WMO Natural Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Programme

10. WMO Space Programme • Fourteenth WMO Congress (May 2003): • Recognized critical and fast growing importance of data, products and services provided by WWW’s expanding space-based component of the GOS to WMO Programmes and supported Programmes • Decided to initiate a new major WMO Space Programme as a cross-cutting programme to increase the effectiveness and contributions from satellite systems • CBS lead Technical Commission

11. International coordination • CGMS (Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites) • CEOS (Committee on Earth Observation Satellites) • IGOS (Integrated Global Observing Strategy) Partnership • COPUOS (UNISPACE III) • GEO and its GEOSS (WWW’s space-based GOS, a major GEOSS component)

12. WMO Space Programme Implementation Plan • Annex III to CM-4 report, includes • Integrated global data dissemination service, e.g. EUMETCast • Assimilation of data from present and future R&D environmental missions • Reanalyses related to retrospective data from all satellite missions • Space agencies contributions • WMO Space Programme Trust Fund • Seconded experts – Dr Paul Menzel (NOAA)

13. New CBS OPAG IOS Expert Team • To provide institutional WMO constituent body support with appropriate satellite expertise • Retained CBS OPAG IOS Expert Team on Satellite Utilization and Products • Established new CBS OPAG IOS Expert Team on Satellite Systems • Provide the necessary satellite expertise to ensure an integrated WMO global observing system • Comprised solely of representatives from space agencies contributing to the space-based component of the GOS

14. THE ROLE OF SATELLITES IN WMO PROGRAMMES IN THE 2010s 2003, WMO Space Programme Technical Document -1 WMO/TD No. 1177 By Dr Ghassem Asrar (NASA), Dr Tillmann Mohr (EUMETSAT) and Mr Greg Withee (NOAA)

15. Background • 1977 - last authoritative WMO TD describing role of satellite in WMO Programmes • Authored by D.S. Johnson (NOAA) and I.P. Vetlov (USSR) • Mid 1990’s - implementation recommendations for space-based component GOS completed • 2001- EC agrees to expand GOS to include appropriate R&D missions • First sesssion CM agreed to update 1977 TD • Dr Asrar, Dr Mohr and Mr Withee agreed to co-author • Available soonon CD ROM, hard copy and WMO Space Programme web page

16. Contents • History and development of the space-based component of the Global Observing System • Current capabilities and WMO observational requirements • Challenges for the observing systems • Near-term configuration of the space-based component of the Global Observing System (GOS)

17. Exciting times for WMO Members • Space-based component of the GOS continues to expand • Provides valuable satellite data, products and services more so than ever before in the history of the World Weather Watch • WMO established a new WMO Space Programme • Efforts towards an integrated WMO GOS • WMO Space Programme Implementation Plan • New CBS OPAG IOS Expert Team on Satellite Systems • “The Role of Satellites in WMO Programmes in the 2010s”

18. Thank you