1 / 29

Unit 1: Overview of the L ivestock & Poultry industries

Unit 1: Overview of the L ivestock & Poultry industries. Chapter 2. Objectives. Role & impact of U.S. livestock industry International trade influences on animal agriculture industry Overviews of animal livestock industries. U.S. Animal Industries - Overview.

afya
Download Presentation

Unit 1: Overview of the L ivestock & Poultry industries

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Unit 1: Overview of the Livestock & Poultry industries Chapter 2

  2. Objectives Role & impact of U.S. livestock industry International trade influences on animal agriculture industry Overviews of animal livestock industries

  3. U.S. Animal Industries - Overview • Historically – most farms very diversified • How so? • How is it different today? • U.S. – 283 million consumers – plus demand in the international market = high output demand from U.S. livestock producers

  4. Cash Receipts Cash receipts from livestock products comprise 51% of all agricultural sales 22 states have cash receipts >$2b

  5. World Trade Refer to table 2.3 Notice animal agriculture is positive – others are negative Much is driven by cattle hides, beef, fat/tallow, dairy

  6. Commodity Prices • Volatility in the market has had significant impact on farm-gate profits • Not only U.S. supply/demand dynamics…but international • If you are to be profitable long-term – know the averages for your commodity, and understand how to ride the highs/lows

  7. The Beef Industry • Global Perspective • Cattle domesticated in Asia & Europe • Provide: food, fiber, fuel, power • What is our main use of cattle? • How about a developing country? • 30 yr trend increasing cattle numbers • Greater demand for beef • Increased export demand • U.S. - largest producer • India – most cattle • Uruguay & Argentina – highest per capita consumption

  8. The Beef Industry • U.S. • Comprised of producing, processing, consuming segments • Currently takes ~30m less head of cattle to produce same amount of beef produced in the 70’s • Carcass wt increased • Increased cattle fed/feedlot • Market age decreased • Cross-breeding • Imported cattle to finish in the U.S.

  9. The Beef Industry • Cattle Production • Three phases: • Cow/calf – birth to 6-10 mos. • Stocker-yearling – 600-850 lbs. • Feedlot – 850+ lbs. • Average market range – 15-24 mos. • Cow-Calf Production • 33m head throughout country – most concentrated in high forage availability areas • 60% of operations have <50 cows • 70% of cattle inventory located on farms >100 cows • Commercial and seed-stock producers

  10. The Beef Industry • Stocker-Yearling Production • Grown for feedlot finishing programs • Can take advantage of a variety of feeding situations that might be cheaper, or even not available all year • Feedlot Production • Most fed harvested feeds (only 10-15% are finished on pasture) • Typically located near abundance of feed

  11. The Dairy Industry • Global Perspective • India leading country in total head (38m) • U.S. highest total fluid milk production • Butter, cheese, and dried milk are highest total exports • U.S. • Average U.S. dairy ~ 100 cows, farm 2-300 acres, raise own forage, market through coops • Average producer markets ~1.5 m lbs milk/yr, value ~$200,000 • Average total capital investment $500,000

  12. The Dairy Industry • 70% of cows located on large operations (>100 cows)…2001 data • U.S. herd ~9m head – 1/3 of herd total 50 yrs ago • Average production 19,951 lbs/cow

  13. The Horse Industry • Global Perspective • Domestication ~5,000 yrs ago • Purposes? • U.S. herd total ~5m (4th in the world), world herd ~55m • U.S. Perspective • Rapid decline in the U.S. population coincided with development of vehicles and power equipment • 3.5% of consumer expenditures for recreation spent in the horse industry

  14. The Horse Industry • Horse owners tend to be upper-middle class and well-educated • Annual costs for maintaining a horse ranges from $1000 to $15000 per head • Average costs: • Boarding - $150-$250/mo • Training & riding lessons - $300-$600/mo and $20-$50/hr • Farrier service - $50-75 • Herd numbers increased steadily in 60’s and 70’s, declined rapidly in the 80’s • Current herd population on the rise again

  15. The Poultry Industry • Global Perspective • China has largest herd, U.S. leads in total production, Netherlands leader in total per capita consumption • Fastest growing source of meat for consumption • U.S. Perspective • Income exceeds $21b/yr • Modernized poultry production began in the 1950’s • Integration became implemented heavily from 1955-75

  16. The Poultry Industry • Most poultry now raised on contract basis • Broiler production increased from 3.7m lbs in 1960 to 36.5m lbs in 1996 • Dramatic increases in egg production • 1880 – 100 eggs/hen/yr • 1950 – 175 eggs/hen/yr • 1986 – 250 eggs/hen/yr • 1997 – 255 eggs/hen/yr • Majority of egg production from large, commercial units

  17. The Poultry Industry • Turkey production has evolved from a primarily seasonal industry to year-round industry • Export market became lucrative in 80’s and 90’s

  18. The Sheep & Goat Industry • Global Perspective • Originated in Europe and Northern Asia • Often graze different species of plants than cattle, and can produce on lesser quality feeds • World population nearly 1.1b in 2002 – highest on record • U.S. Perspective • Population declined from 56m in 1942 to 6.5m in 2006 • Mortality rates can be high

  19. The Swine Industry • Global Perspective • 50% of world population in China • Leader in numbers and production • U.S. herd is more productive • U.S. Perspective • 2005 cash receipts ~$12b • Majority of production located near the corn belt • Why? • Iowa ~25% of U.S. production • Number of farms greatly declined in last 20 yrs

  20. Figure 2.22 Pork production versus breeding hog inventory. Source: Livestock Marketing Information Center.

  21. Figure 2.23 Average hog production costs in the United States. Source: USDA (Cost of Production–Livestock and Dairy, 1990).

  22. The Swine Industry • Increasing pressure from environmental and welfare concerns • We’ll cover the various types of production operations in future units

More Related