Unit I : Hardware and Software

1. Unit I : Hardware and Software

2. How have computers affected your life?

4. Terms • Application Software computer software created to allow the user to perform specific job or task. (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Access) • Central Processing Unit (CPU) the principle computer hardware device that controls the speed and processing of a computer • File Management A program on a computer that allows the user to create, edit ,view, print, rename, copy or delete files, folders, or an entire file system • File Type an extension at the end of a file name, indicating which application, was used to create a document (Word ends in .doc and Excel ends in .xls) • Input device transport data into the computer • Logging on the action of gaining access to a computer or a network by entering a username and password • Memory computer chips that store data and programs while the computer is working; often called RAM • Operating system system software that acts as a go between allowing computer hardware and other software to communicate with each other • Output device allows the user to view or listen to the data a computer processes such as a monitor, printer, headphones, or speakers. • Peripheral additional hardware that isn't necessary for a computer to function, but does enhance how the computer can be used (scanner, webcam, joystick)

5. TERMS Save storing data on a disk Save as a feature that allows the user to change the attributes of a file (such as location, file name, file type) before saving Storage device external hardware used to store and retrieve data, such as a disk drive, CD/DVD drive, flash drive, or tape drive System software software responsible for the general operation of a computer system, including the operation of hardware, running application software, and file management. Examples: Microsoft Windows, Mac, Linux System unit a computer case that contains the CPU, power supply, memory, and storage

6. Devices that comprise a personal computer. Can you name them?

7. Devices that comprise a personal computer. Can you name them? Web cam Speaker Speaker printer monitor keyboard mouse scanner CPU Microphone/headphones MODEM DigitalCamera

8. System Unit VS. Peripherals • System Unit = CPU, Power Supply, Memory, and Storage • Peripherals = unnecessary to function but enhances : scanner, webcam, joystick

9. HARDWARE –physical components of a computer • Input devices • Central processing unit (CPU) • Output devices • Memory • Storage devices

10. Input Devices – device where data entered into a computer • Keyboard • Mouse • Digital camera • Scanner • Microphone

11. Keyboards

12. Mouse Devices

13. Digital Cameras

14. Scanners

15. Microphones

16. The CPU CPU stands for “Central Processing Unit”. They contain the brains of the computer. They can be desktop models that the monitor sits on top of, or tower models that stand up tall.

17. Proper Start and Shut Down START SHUT DOWN

18. Output Devices – allows user to listen or view computer processess • Printers • Monitors • Speakers

19. Two Common Types of Printers An inkjet printer usually prints in color. It prints by squirting out small dots of ink onto the paper. A laser printer uses a laser beam to create an image that is transferred to paper. It uses toner and a drum. The ink is powder.

20. The Monitor The monitor looks like a TV and lets lets you see your work and your files.

21. Speakers Speakers can be connected to your computer so you can hear very realistic sound effects and wonderful music. Some computer monitors come with built in speakers.

22. Memory Memory is the computer chips that store data and programs while the computer is working. RAM

23. STORAGE DEVICES - hardware used to store data

24. STORAGE DEVICES • Floppy Disks • 3.5-inch disks store 1.44M of data • Must be formatted • Tracks • sectors • Hard Disks • Spins at 5,400 – 7,200 rpm (revolutions per minute) • Can store anywhere between 10G – 250G+ of data • CD’s—Compact Discs • Available in a variety of formats—CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW • A typical CD holds about 650 MB of data • DVD’s • Available as DVD-ROM, DVD-R, DVD-RW • Can hold 4.7 GB of data • Zip Drives—high capacity floppy disk drive; has lost popularity • Zip disks can hold from 100 MB – 250 MB of data • USB Flash Drive • Storage capacity between 32 MB – 4 GB

25. Flash Drive A Flash Drive is a relatively new storage device. It’s like a mini, portable hard drive! You plug it into the USB (Universal Serial Bus) port on the front of newer computers and you can save to it!

26. CD-ROM Disk Drive CD-ROM stands for Compact Disk-Read Only Memory. They are flat, shiny disks that store information. Most new computers have CD-RW drives. CD-RW stands for Compact Disk-ReWrite. This type of disk allows you to write information to it, as well as read from it.

27. Save VS. Save AS Saving is storing data for later use Save As does the same but allows you to change certain things • Location • File Name • File Type

28. How to care for and handle storage devices • Do : • Handle discs by the edges or center hub. • Label discs with felt tip markers such as Sharpies. • Return your discs to their storage case immediately after use. • Store discs in their cases, vertically, like books, and away from sunlight, extreme heat and humidity. • Remove fingerprints and dust with a clean, soft cotton cloth. Don’t: Bend or force discs out of their cases. • Handle discs with dirty hands. • Leave discs lying on tables or floors. • Use sharp pointed pens or markers to label your discs. • Use paper labels on discs.

29. SOFTWARE – electronic programs or data Operating Software Application Software

30. Operating System Software • Controls the operations of computer equipment • Operating System software tells the computer how to: • Load • Store • Execute • Acts as a go between allowing hardware and software to communicate with each other WE USE MICROSOFT WINDOWS !

31. Application Software • Software created to allow the user to perform a specific task or job • Commonly used applications • Word processing (Examples) • Spreadsheet (Examples) • Database (Examples) • Presentation (Examples) • Accounting (Examples) • Email (Examples)

32. File Types • An extension at the end of the file name indicating which application was used to create it! Document1.docx(file name. File type) • Microsoft Word file extension is .docx • Microsoft Excel file extension is .xlsx • Microsoft PowerPoint file extension is .pptx • Microsoft Access file extension is .accdb

33. File Management • A program on a computer that allows the user to create, edit, view, print, rename, copy or delete files, folders, or a file system. • Create a document • Create a folder • Move a folder • Copy a folder • Rename a folder • Delete a folder SET UP CBA FOLDER !

34. technologyand the future • Where do you think technology will take us? • What new directions do you think technology will go? • What is one thing that you wish computers could do now that they might be able to do in the future?