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Explore how French Revolution ideologies led France through constitutional monarchy, democratic despotism, to the Napoleonic empire. Key events include National Assembly reforms, conflicts between conservative and radical factions, the Terror under the Committee for Public Safety, and the rise of the Directory. Understand the social and political impact of the Revolution on France and Europe.
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CHAPTER THREE SECTION TWO REVOLUTION,REFORM AND TERROR
State Standard 10.2.4 • Explain how the ideology of the French Revolution led France to develop from constitutional monarchy to democratic despotism to the Napoleonic empire.
1789-1792 National Assembly Reforms • End of feudalism • Declaration of the Rights of Man • “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity” • Reduction of Church power
Conflicting Sides • Limited Constitutional Monarchy • Louis tries to escape • 1791 Legislative Assembly replaced National Assembly
Left and Right wing • The Girond (right-wing conservatives ) • The Jacobins (left-wing radicals)
Attack by Prussia and Austria • Conservative nations threatened by French • Anti-monarchy reaction in Paris • King imprisoned • The danger of émigrés
1792-1795 The National Convention • Republic • Execution of Louis XVI • Universal manhood suffrage • “citizens” • A National Army
The Leadership • Jean Paul Marat-leader of sans-culottes-murdered • Georges Danton-middle class • Maximilian Robespierre- “Empire of Virtue”
The “Terror” 1793-1794 • Committee for Public Safety “ humane” guillotine • 3,000 executions in Paris: • 40,000 nationwide • Marie Antoinette apologizes
Danton executed-”Show them my head-it’s worth looking at” • Robespierre finally executed • National Convention ends “Terror””
Consequences of French • Revolution • A revolution that was social as well as political • 1795-Middle Class-supported dictatorshiptakes over in the name of “order”-The Directory • French Revolution still threatened European status quo