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Interdisciplinary Management of Pain

Interdisciplinary Management of Pain. Greater Baltimore Medical Center. Definitions. Acute Pain : generally time-limited, and is responsive to opioid and non-opioid therapy

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Interdisciplinary Management of Pain

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  1. Interdisciplinary Management of Pain Greater Baltimore Medical Center

  2. Definitions • Acute Pain: generally time-limited, and is responsive to opioid and non-opioid therapy • Chronic Pain: exists beyond its expected time frame for healing or where healing may not have occurred; It is persistent pain that is not amenable to routine pain control methods

  3. Pain Policy at GBMC • All patients treated at GBMC will receive appropriate analgesic care • All patients treated at GBMC will be assessed for the presence of pain, in both inpatient and outpatient areas

  4. Assessing Pain • Patient’s self report will be the standard used in assessment • Assessment begins on admission for pain and acceptable level of pain while hospitalized • Pain is to be assessed/reassessed at the following intervals: • After any known pain producing event • With each new report of pain • Following therapeutic intervention • In accordance with the algorithms for acute and chronic pain • With the daily assessment (q8h) if pain is not present on admission

  5. Other Considerations • All patients will be assessed q8h for any associated symptoms of pain control therapy • nausea, itching, constipation, over-sedation, and inability to void • Placebo use for pain control is not allowed • Patients and family should be educated on the right to pain management, interventions to relieve pain, and their role in managing pain

  6. Pain Consultative Services • Department of Anesthesia will consult for: • Acute Epidural Analgesia • PCA pumps • Department of pediatrics will consult on any patient under 16 years of age

  7. Pain Education • Patient education tools will be made available to all patients upon admission • “What Patients and Families need to know about Pain Management” (Form # 34680) • “What Parents need to know about Pain Management” (Form # 34681) • Nurse is responsible for assessing educational needs and developing and educational plan based on: • Plan of care • Patient goals • Culture • Age • Developmental Stage

  8. Pain Screening Tools • Visual Analogue Scales are used to screen patients • For patients unable to self report, behavioral scales are used • Non-English speaking patients are screened using language specific pain tools, an interpreter, or the assistance of the AT&T Language Line • Pain Scales used at GBMC • Numbers scale (0-10) for adults • Faces scale for children 3 years and older • FLACC Scale for 3 months – 3 years • NPASS Scale for neonates

  9. Pain Documentation • Pain Assessment/Reassessment is documented in Meditech PCS • Admission Database • Pain Assessment/Reassessment Intervention • Includes the following information: • Intensity of Pain • Description of Pain • Location of Pain • Aggravating / Alleviating Factors • Associated Signs / Symptoms • Impact on Functional Ability • Methods of pain management that have been useful in the past • Patient’s personal goal for pain management

  10. Pain Documentation • Pain Reassessment is documented in Meditech PCS • Pain Assessment/Reassessment Intervention • Reassessment occurs on the following recommended intervals: • Oral Medications: within 60-90 minutes after dose administered • Intramuscular/Subcutaneous Medications: within 60-90 minutes after dose administered • Intravenous Medications: within 30-60 minutes after dose administered • Any pain medications administered are documented on the MAR in Meditech

  11. Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) Pumps • The CADD Prizm Pain Control System is used to deliver continuous (basal rate) dosing and/or patient administered (bolus)doses. • Two RNs are required to independently double check orders and pump settings at each order change, change of shift, prior to transfer of patients between units, and when receiving a patient upon arrival to the unit • PCA cassettes are supplied by pharmacy (found in AcuDose, delivered by the pharmacy to unit, or picked up by the nurse at Pharmacy if not premixed) • PCA pumps are obtained from Central Sterile Supply • All PCA documentation is entered into Meditech PCS in one of the following interventions, as appropriate: • IV PCA Flowsheet (for Morphine and Dilaudid use) • Epidural PCA Flowsheet (for Epidural PCAs) • IV Fentanyl PCA Flowsheet (for Fentanyl use only)

  12. More Information • Please review the pain tools document found on the www.gbmc.org site – listed with the Pain Self Learning Packet and test • Please take the Pain SLP Test and submit certificate of completion to agency

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