Electroconvulsive therapy(ECT)

1. Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) Causes, Medications And Treatments

2. INTRODUCTION WHAT IS Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) Is A Procedure, Done Under General Anesthesia, In Which Small Electric Currents Are Passed Through The Brain, Intentionally Triggering A Brief Seizure. ECT Seems To Cause Changes In Brain Chemistry That Can Quickly Reverse Symptoms Of Certain Mental Health Conditions. Electroconvulsive Therapy (Ect) Is A Procedure, Done Under General Anesthesia, In Which Small Electric Currents Are Passed Through The Brain. ECT Is Much Safer Today. It Now Uses Electric Currents Given In A Controlled Setting To Achieve The Most Benefit With The Fewest Possible Risks.

3. CAUSES: Why Its Done: • Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) Can Provide Rapid, Significant Improvements In Severe Symptoms Of Several Mental Health Conditions. ECT Is Used To Treat: • Severe Depression: Particularly When Accompanied By Detachment From Reality (Psychosis), A Desire To Commit Suicide Or Refusal To Eat. • Treatment-resistant Depression:A Severe Depression That Doesn't Improve With Medications Or Other Treatments. • Severe Mania:A State Of Intense Euphoria, Agitation Or Hyperactivity That Occurs As Part Of Bipolar Disorder. Other Signs Of Mania Include Impaired Decision-making, Impulsive Or Risky Behavior, Substance Abuse, And Psychosis. • Agitation And Aggression In People With Dementia:Which Can Be Difficult To Treat And Negatively Affect Quality Of Life.

4. Catatonia:Characterized By Lack Of Movement, Fast Or Strange Movements, Lack Of Speech, And Other Symptoms. It's Associated With Schizophrenia And Certain Other Psychiatric Disorders. In Some Cases, Catatonia Is Caused By A Medical Illness. • ECT May Be A Good Treatment Option When Medications Aren't Tolerated Or Other Forms Of Therapy Haven't Worked. In Some Cases ECT Is Used: • During Pregnancy, When Medications Can't Be Taken • Because They Might Harm The Developing Fetus • In Older Adults Who Can't Tolerate Drug Side Effects • In People Who Prefer Ect Treatments Over Taking Medications • When Ect Has Been Successful In The Past

5. PREPARATION: How you prepare: • Before Having Your First ECT Treatment, You'll Need A Full Evaluation, Which Usually Includes: • Medical History • Complete Physical Exam • Psychiatric Assessment • Basic Blood Tests • Electrocardiogram (ECG) To Check Your Heart Health • Discussion Of The Risks Of Anesthesia

6. MEDICATIONS: Anesthesia and medications • At the start of the procedure, you'll receive these medications through your IV: • An Anesthetic To Make You Unconscious And Unaware Of The Procedure • A Muscle Relaxant To Help Minimize The Seizure And Prevent Injury • You may receive other medications, depending on any health conditions you have or your previous reactions to ECT.

7. EQUIPMENTS: During The Procedure: • A Blood Pressure Cuff Placed Around One Ankle Stops The Muscle Relaxant Medication From Entering Your Foot And Affecting The Muscles There. When The Procedure Begins, Your Doctor Can Monitor Seizure Activity By Watching For Movement In That Foot. • Monitors Check Your Brain, Heart, Blood Pressure And Oxygen Use. • You May Be Given Oxygen Through An Oxygen Mask. • You May Also Be Given A Mouth Guard To Help Protect Your Teeth And Tongue From Injury.

8. SERIES OF TREATMENTS: SERIES OF TREATMENTS In The United States, ECT Treatments Are Generally Given Two To Three Times Weekly For Three To Four Weeks — For A Total Of Six To 12 Treatments. Some Doctors Use A Newer Technique Called Right Unilateral Ultra Brief Pulse Electroconvulsive Therapy That's Done Daily On Weekdays. The Number And Type Of Treatments You'll Need Depend On The Severity Of Your Symptoms And How Rapidly They Improve. You Can Generally Return To Normal Activities A Few Hours After The Procedure. However, Some People May Be Advised Not To Return To Work, Make Important Decisions, Or Drive Until One To Two Weeks After The Last ECT In A Series, Or For At Least 24 Hours After A Single Treatment During Maintenance Therapy. Resuming Activities Depends On When Memory Loss And Confusion Are Resolved.

9. RESULTS: RESULTS: Many People Begin To Notice An Improvement In Their Symptoms After About Six Treatments With Electroconvulsive Therapy. Full Improvement May Take Longer, Though ECT May Not Work For Everyone. Response To Antidepressant Medications, In Comparison, Can Take Several Weeks Or More. No One Knows For Certain How Ect Helps Treat Severe Depression And Other Mental Illnesses. What Is Known, Though, Is That Many Chemical Aspects Of Brain Function Are Changed During And After Seizure Activity. Even After Your Symptoms Improve, You'll Still Need Ongoing Depression Treatment To Prevent A Recurrence. Ongoing Treatment May Be ECT With Less Frequency, But More Often, It Includes Antidepressants Or Other Medications, Or Psychological Counseling (Psychotherapy).

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