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The Nervous System (part 2): Nerve structure

Students should be able to:<br>- state the relationship between receptors, the central nervous system and the effectors <br>- outline the functions of sensory neurones, relay neurones and motor neurones

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The Nervous System (part 2): Nerve structure

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  1. Coordination and response Structure of nerves

  2. Nerve tissue • Made up of neurones • Size and shape of neurones differ in different parts of the nervous system • Perform same function (transmit impulses) Structure of a nerve bundle

  3. A Neuron Section 35-2 Structure of a neurone Nucleus Axon terminals Cell body Myelin sheath Axon Dendrites Nodes of Ranvier

  4. Activity: Labeling of neuron worksheet

  5. Function of neurones: • Receptors sense the environment (chemicals, light, sound, touch) and encode this information into electrochemical messages that are transmitted by sensory neurones • Sensory neurones carry signals from the outer parts of your body (periphery) into the central nervous system • Intermediate/relay neurones connect various neurones within the brain and spinal cord • Motor neurones carry signals from the central nervous system to the outer parts (muscles, skin, glands) of your body

  6. Sequence of neurones Receptors (sense organ) sensory neurone Intermediate/relay neurone motor neurone effector

  7. - junction between 2 neurones; impulses transmitted by chemical means (neurotransmitters) 3 - conducts impulses away from cell body - insulating layer 2 4 - provides nourishment for fibre - conducts impulses towards cell body - speeds up transmission of impulses along fibre - where end branch of axon comes in contact with muscle fibre 1 5

  8. What neuron is this? Motor neuron

  9. Nerve Cells

  10. Cross section of myelin sheaths that surround axons (TEM x191,175)

  11. Activity: Labeling of neurones in the Human Nervous System worksheet 2

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