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Novel Method for Gas Separation

Novel Method for Gas Separation. By: Chris Wilson For: Senior Capstone 2008. Overview. Current process New process Economic comparison. Natural Gas Processing The Way it is Done. Current process Remove excess water Remove acid gas Dehydrate Remove mercury Remove nitrogen

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Novel Method for Gas Separation

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  1. Novel Method for Gas Separation By: Chris Wilson For: Senior Capstone 2008

  2. Overview • Current process • New process • Economic comparison

  3. Natural Gas Processing The Way it is Done • Current process • Remove excess water • Remove acid gas • Dehydrate • Remove mercury • Remove nitrogen • Separate NGL (ethane, and heavier hydrocarbons)

  4. Natural Gas Processing Everything Together

  5. Water removal • Removes free liquid water and condensate gas • Sends the gas to a refinery • The water goes to waste

  6. Natural Gas Processing Everything Together

  7. Natural Gas Processing Acid Gas Removal • Hydrogen sulfide • Mercaptans • Carbon dioxide • Acid gas removal processes • Amine treating • Benfield process • Sulfinol process • others

  8. Natural Gas Processing Amine Treatment • Most common used amines • Monoethanolamine • Diethanolamine • Diisopropylyamine • Methylethanolamine • Hydrogen sulfide goes through a Claus process

  9. Natural Gas Processing Amine Treating

  10. Natural Gas ProcessingSulfinol Process • Used to reduce H2S, CO2, and mercaptans from gases • Great for treating large quantities of gas • Solvent absorbs the sour gas • Sulfolane is used

  11. Natural Gas ProcessingSulfinol Process

  12. Natural Gas Processing Everything Together

  13. Natural Gas Processing Glycol Dehydration • Method for removing the water vapor from the gas • Usable glycols • Triethylene glycol – most commonly used • Diethylene glycol • Ethylene glycol • Tetraethylene glycol • Works by having the glycol adsorb the water

  14. Natural Gas Processing Glycol Dehydration

  15. Pressure Swing Adsorption • Adsorbent material is used • Gas and material go under high pressure • Material adsorbs the gas ( H2S, mercaptans, CO2) • Disadvantages • Requires high pressures • Slow cycle times

  16. Natural Gas Processing

  17. Mercury removal • Current Processes • Activated carbon – through chemisorption. Activated has extremely high surface area • Mercury can damages aluminum heat exchangers • Those used in cryogenic processing plants • Those use in liquefaction plants

  18. Natural Gas Processing

  19. Nitrogen Rejection • Processes that can reject nitrogen • Cryogenic process • Absorption process (using lean oil or solvent) • Membrane separation • Adsorption process (activated carbon)

  20. Natural Gas Processing Cryogenic Process • Common refrigerants used • Most common method for removal of impurities such as nitrogen • Disadvantages • Must reach extremely low temperatures • Only useful for large scale production

  21. Natural Gas Processing Lean Oil Removal • Lean oil is fed countercurrent with the wet gas • Temperature and pressure are set to allow for the greatest absorption of unwanted gases

  22. Natural Gas Processing Membranes • Driving force • Partial pressure • Type of material determine permeability D = diffusion coefficient (cm2/s) k = Henry’s law sorption coefficient (cm3/cm3cmHg) P1 = Permeability of component 1 P2 = Permeability of component 2

  23. Natural Gas Processing Economics

  24. Demethanizer

  25. Demethanizer • The next step is to recover the NGL’s • Process • Cryogenics using a turbo-expander can be used • This is the most common • Lean oil adsorption can be used here

  26. Natural Gas Processing Cryogenic Process

  27. NGL recovery

  28. NGL recovery • Now the rest of the liquid is fed to three units • Deethanizer • Debutanizer • Depropanizer • Process • Each sent to a distillation column

  29. Sweetening NGL’s

  30. Merox Processes • Mercaptan oxidation • Removes mercaptans from • Propane • Butane • Larger hydrocarbons

  31. Natural Gas Processing Another Process

  32. Novel Method • Technical information momentarily not available due to IP issues • However economics will be compared

  33. Novel Method • Advantage • More cost effective than any previous methods • Less environmental impacts than previous methods • Separates all contaminants • Separates each component • Everything is done using one process

  34. Novel Method

  35. Current Method

  36. Economics - Amine Treating

  37. Amine Treating - Simulation

  38. Economics - Demethanizer

  39. Demthanizer - Simulation

  40. Economics - Dethanizer

  41. Deethanizer - Simulation

  42. Economics

  43. Built in Error

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