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Depression

Depression. By: Jacob Leila. What is Depression?. severe despondency and dejection, typically felt over a long period of time and accompanied by feelings of hopelessness and inadequacy. Causes of Depression.

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Depression

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  1. Depression By: Jacob Leila

  2. What is Depression? • severe despondency and dejection, typically felt over a long period of time and accompanied by feelings of hopelessness and inadequacy.

  3. Causes of Depression • Some people develop depression because they are born with it but more than 75% of depression cases aren’t psychiatric. Life events, medication, drug use and also other illnesses may cause depression.

  4. How does a person with Depression feel like? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XiCrniLQGYc

  5. Depression in the 1950’s • In the 1950's and 60's, depression was divided into two types, endogenous and neurotic. Endogenous means that the depression comes from within the body, perhaps of genetic origin, or comes out of nowhere. Neurotic or reactive depression has a clear environmental precipitating factor, such as the death of a spouse, or other significant loss, such as the loss of a job.

  6. How was Depression treated in the 1950’s? • Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) were developed in the 1950's and 60's to treat depression. They are called tricyclic antidepressants because their chemical structures consist of three chemical rings. TCAs work mainly by increasing the level of norepinephrine in the brain synapses, although they also may affect serotonin levels. • In the ECT procedure, an electric current is passed through the brain to produce controlled convulsions (seizures). ECT is useful for certain patients, particularly for those who cannot take or are not responding to antidepressants, have severe depression, or are at a high risk for suicide.

  7. How was Depression treated in the 1950’s? • Psychodynamic therapies are sometimes used to treat depression. They focus on resolving the patient's internal psychological conflicts that are typically thought to be rooted in childhood. • Psychotherapy is sometimes called "talking therapy." It is used to treat mild and moderate forms of depression. A licensed mental health professional helps people with depression focus on behaviors, emotions, and ideas that contribute to depression. They also help the depressed person identify and understand life problems that contribute to their illness in order to enable them to regain a sense of control.

  8. How is depression treated now? • - Medicines are commonly used to treat depression. Your family doctor can prescribe the medications or refer you to a psychiatrist. The medications are chosen based on your symptoms. The cost of medicines and potential side effects are important considerations when choosing this type of treatment for depression.

  9. How is depression treated now? • Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a procedure in which of an electric current is used to produce a seizure in the patient. It is believed that ECT results in the release of chemicals in the brain that aid communication between nerves. It is used for severe forms of depression and is rarely used in patients with epilepsy.

  10. How is depression treated now? • Depression is more common in women than in men. Changes in mood with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), after childbirth, and following menopause are all linked with sudden drops in hormone levels. • Hormone replacement is a treatment currently used to relieve symptoms of menopause such as night sweats and hot flashes. By using HRT, women can help prevent osteoporosis and possibly reduce memory loss. • ECT are also still used to treat depression now a days.

  11. Major differences in treatment: • The ECT’s were extremely more dangerous and sometimes lead to death. Where as now they have diminished the numbers by making almost every procedure successful. Today you can pay to have an ECT to forget the last two weeks of your life if wanted.

  12. Quick Facts about Depression • Roughly 20 million people in the United States suffer from depression every year. • 1 in 4 young adults will suffer an episode of depression before age 24. • Women are 2 times as likely to suffer from depression than men. • People who are depressed are more prone to illnesses like colds than non-depressed people. • Continuous exposure to violence, neglect, abuse, or poverty may make people who are already susceptible to depression all the more vulnerable to the illness. • Depression is a common mental disorder. Globally, more than 350 million people of all ages suffer from depression. • There are interrelationships between depression and physical health. For example, cardiovascular disease can lead to depression and vice versa. • Depression affects all people regardless of age, geographic location, demographic, or social position. • The World Health Organization estimates that depression will be the 2nd highest medical cause of disability by the year 2030, 2nd only to HIV/AIDS. • Many creative individuals experienced depression, including Ludwig van Beethoven, John Lennon, Edgar Allan Poe, Mark Twain, Georgia O’Keefe, Vincent van Gogh, Ernest Hemmingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Sylvia Plath. • Over 8% of adolescents in the United States suffer from depression at a given time.

  13. The End 

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