WAR

1. WAR • WAR is an organized and often prolonged conflict that is carried out by states or other types of parties wishing to form or control states • WAR is characterized by extreme aggression, economic disintegration and irrationality, social disruption, and usually high mortality [death]. • WAR should be understood as an actual, intentional and widespread armed conflict between political communities, and therefore is defined as a form of political violence or intervention.

2. PROXY WAR • A proxy war or proxy warfare is a war that results when opposing powers use third parties as substitutes for fighting each other directly • Proxy wars have also been fought alongside full-scale conflicts • It is hoped that these groups can strike an opponent without leading to full-scale war. • It is almost impossible to have a pure proxy war, as the groups fighting for a certain nation usually have their own interests • Typically proxy wars function best during cold wars as they become a necessity in conducting armed conflict while continuing cold warfare.

3. United States Soviet Union Billions of dollars from the United States, United Kingdom, Saudi Arabia Military training in neighbouring Pakistan, China, Cold War .....Proxy war two nuclear-armed superpowers do not wish to fight each other directly,to avoid escalation to a nuclear war insurgent groups: mujahideens Soviet-led Afghan forces

4. CIVIL WAR • Civil war is a war between organized groups within the same nation state or republic or, less commonly, between two countries created from a formerly united nation state. • The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government policies • A civil war is a high-intensity conflict, often involving regular armed forces, that is sustained, organized and large-scale.

5. UnionStates Border states Confederate States Americancivilwar - 1863

6. CIVIL WAR... con’t • Civil wars may result in large numbers of casualtiesand the consumption of significant resources. • Some political scientists define a civil war as having more than 1000 casualties • Others specify that at least 100 must come from each side Based on 1000 casualties per year: there were 213 civil wars from 1816 - 1997 [104 occurred from 1944 - 1997] • Civil wars can also result in economic collapse; • Burma (Myanmar), Ugandaand Angola are examples of nations that were considered to have promising futures before being engulfed in civil wars.

7. Causes • Two opposing theories:greed vs. grievance • Do conflicts begin because it is in the economic best interests of individuals and groups to start them OR • Are conflicts caused by who people are, whether that be defined in terms of ethnicity, religion or other social affiliation? Scholarly analysis supports the conclusion that economic and structural factors are more important than those of identity in predicting occurrences of civil war. Causes of civil war

8. Terrorism • Terrorism is the systematic use of terror, often violent, especially as a means of coercion. • Terrorism has no legally binding, criminal law definition • Some definitions now include acts of unlawful violence and war. • The word "terrorism" is politically and emotionally charged, and this greatly compounds the difficulty of providing a precise definition The concept of terrorism is often used by state authorities to delegitimize political or other opponents, and potentially legitimize the state's own use of armed force against opponents (such use of force may be described as "terror" by opponents of the state)

9. About Terrorism / Darw! Typography http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W0WscIw2hSw

11. 3 signs you might be a terrorist http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hLfxNpyAKag