1 / 33

MMPI-2 Restructured Clinical Scales (RC) Scales

MMPI-2 Restructured Clinical Scales (RC) Scales. William P. Wattles Francis Marion University. Invalid protocols. Cannot say >30 VRIN or TRIN ≥ 80 F or F(p) ≥ 100 Fb ≥ 110 L ≥ 80 K ≥ 75. MMPI-2. Good for measuring: Personality characteristics Behavioral tendencies

tory
Download Presentation

MMPI-2 Restructured Clinical Scales (RC) Scales

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. MMPI-2 Restructured Clinical Scales(RC) Scales William P. Wattles Francis Marion University

  2. Invalid protocols • Cannot say >30 • VRIN or TRIN ≥80 • F or F(p) ≥100 • Fb ≥ 110 • L ≥ 80 • K ≥ 75

  3. MMPI-2 • Good for measuring: • Personality characteristics • Behavioral tendencies • Emotional functioning • Psychopathology symptoms

  4. Problem: MMPI-2 Clinical Scales highly intercorrelated • Hinders construct validity • Empirical keying • convergent • Discriminant • Current Techniques • Code types • Harris Lingoes scales • Supplementary scales

  5. Construct Validity • The extent to which a measurement method accurately represents a construct and produces an observation distinct from that produced by a measure of another construct.

  6. Convergent and discriminant validity • Convergent and discriminant validity are both considered subcategories or subtypes of construct validity.

  7. Convergent and discriminant validity • In general we want convergent correlations to be as high as possible and discriminant ones to be as low as possible.

  8. Discriminant validity • To establish discriminant validity,  you need to show that measures that should not be related are in reality not related. 

  9. ConvergentValidity • To establish convergent validity, you need to show that measures that should be related are in reality related. • Thus, those with elevated scale 4 have been shown to have more arrests.

  10. Problem: MMPI-2 Clinical Scales significant item overlap • The average number of overlapping items per pair of the ten clinical sales is 6.4 items. • Examples • 7-8 (17) • 2-7 (13) • 2-3 (13) • 6-8 (13) • 4-0 (11)

  11. Problem: MMPI-2 Clinical Scales highly intercorrelated • A factor called anxiety, general maladjustment or emotion distress explains much of the variance among scales.

  12. Floating profiles. • Intercorrelations result in most or all scales being elevated making it difficult to determine which scale to focus on.

  13. Demoralization Scale (RCd) • This factor is removed from the other scales • Items selected for relevancy to core of each scale • Items selected for • Convergence, high correlation with scale • Discrimination, low correlations with other scales.

  14. Restructured Scales

  15. Intercorrelations • Page 157 • Intercorrelations are reduced. • For example • Scale 1 and Scale 2 =.56 • Scale RC1 and RC2 = .27 • Scale 7 and Scale 2 = .65 • RC7 and RC2 =.31

  16. MMPI-2 RESTRUCTURED CLINICAL SCALES PROFILE

  17. Clinical Scale 2 • After demoralization is removed a low positive emotionality component emerged. • Consistent with theories seeing this as the core of depression.

  18. Clinical Scale 3 • When RCd removed 3 components left: • Somatization • Extraversion • Naivete • Naivete negatively correlated with psychopathology

  19. RC scales evaluation • They show convergent validity equal to or superior to the clinical scales and the content scales. • They often offer a substantial improvement over clinical scales discriminant validity. (not being significantly correlated to unrelated characteristics.) • The RC scales provide a more clearly focused assessment of the primary distinctive components of the Clinical Scales.

  20. Interpretation of RC scales • RC scale tells about elevations in the core construct. • Clinical scale may include other characteristics as well

  21. RCd Demorilization • High scores (T≥65) • Discouraged • Poor self-esteem • Pessimistic • Expect to fail • Overwhelmed • incapable

  22. RC1 Somatic complaints • High scores (T≥65) • Large number of physical complaints • Chronic pain • Preoccupied with bodily functions • Resistant to psychological explanations • Develop physical symptoms in response to psychological difficulties

  23. RC2 Low Positive Emotions • High scores (T≥65) • Lack of positive emotional engagement in life • Lack energy • Difficulty taking charge or making decisions • Inroverted, passive, withdrawn • Bored isolated • Low expectations of success

  24. High scores (T≥65) See others as: untrustworthy Uncaring exploitive Low scores (≤40) Naïve Gullible Overly trusting RC3 Cynicism

  25. RC4 Antisocial Behavior • High scores (T≥65) • Difficult to conform to societal norms • Difficulties with the law • Increased risk for substance abuse • Aggressive • Conflictual relationships • Seen as critical, argumentative, angry, antagonistic. • Problems in school and work

  26. RC6 Ideas of persecution • High scores (T≥65) • Feel targeted, controlled and victimized by others. • Suspicious, difficulty trusting

  27. RC7 Dysfunctional Negative Emotions • High scores (T≥65) • Anxiety and irritability • Often have intrusive, unwanted thoughts • Insecure • Sensitive to perceived criticism • Ruminate and brood about failures • Passive and submissive in relationships

  28. RC8 Aberrant experiences • High scores (T≥65) • Sensory, perceptual, cognitive, and motor disturbances suggestive of psychosis. • Hallucinations • Delusions • Scores above 75 suggest schizophrenia, delusional disorder.

  29. RC9 Hypomanic activation • High scores (T≥65) • Thought racing • High energy levels • Heightened mood & irritability • Aggressive, poor impulse control • Sensation seekers, risk takers • Above 75 suggest bipolar, manic episode • 60-70 extraverted with energy

  30. Validity • The restructured clinical scales provide the most parsimonious assessment of psychopathic personality traits.

  31. Incremental Validity • Some overlap of present content and supplementary scales. • RC1 Correlates .95 with health concerns • RC3 correlates .93 with cynicism content scale • RCd correlates .95 with Welsh’s Anxiety Scale

  32. Summary • The RC scales represent a modest psychometric improvement over the standard clinical scales • Partial success at removing nonspecific distress variance makes profiles easier to interpret • New scales need no data for interpretation

More Related