EFFECTS THE NEW DEAL

1. EFFECTS THE NEW DEAL

2. RELIEF RECOVERY REFORM • FDR offered this to the American Public through the New Deal. • Using government to provide help to the American people and economy. • Created Programs to give confidence, provide jobs, and straighten the markets.

3. Alphabet Soup • FDIC • AAA • TVA • CCC • CWA • FERA • HOLC • FHA • NRA • PWA • WPA • SSA • REA • BPA • NLRB

4. Arguments for and against Left wing Right Wing TOO MUCH Power Going against belief that government should stay out of economy Made government too powerful Threatened individual freedom • Not Enough • People who supported socialism wanted more • Many Supporters of the New Deal waivered as they didn’t think FDR was doing enough to help end the depression • Charles Coughlin • Huey Long • Challenged FDR Politically • Share our Wealth Program.

5. More Challenges Supreme Court Unemployment still down A cut back in federal spending unexpectedly dropped employment FDR lost power in the next election but hung on for another term. • In 1936 the Supreme Court ruled that the National Industrial Recovery Act was Unconstitutional • Not Long after ruled the Agriculture Adjustment Act was Unconstitutional • FDR worried more would fall • Desired to Pack the Court • Didn’t need to as things started shifting his way in the supreme court.

6. Women's Roles Expand • Eleanor Roosevelt Changed the role of First Lady • Toured nation representing president • Wrote news articles • Addressed countless political issues • Would arrange meetings for people with the president • Made it more of an active position than a ceremonial

7. Women’s Roles Expand • The first female cabinet member was appointed with FDR • Francis Perkins • Secretary of Labor • Helped end child labor and establish a minimum wage • But Gender differences were still an issue • Most New Deal jobs went to men first • Some didn’t even allow women to get a job.

8. African American Changes • African Americans were some of the Hardest Hit during the Depression • First to loose Jobs • 50% unemployment rate • 2x the national average • Eleanor Roosevelt fought also for rights for African Americans • Spoke in one of the most heated segregated cities in the south in favor of integration and equal rights.

9. African American Changes • FDR invited many African Americans Leaders to be his advisors • Created the Unofficial “Black Cabinet” • Mary McLeod Bethune • Huge rights activist • Helped to open up doors for African Americans in Government

10. New Deal Hurts African Americans • Unintentionally the New Deal also hurt many African Americans • WPA didn’t give equal wages • Regulations on Farmers caused them to take land from African American Sharecroppers • Social Security exempted farmers and domestic workers • 2 largest employers of African Americans.

11. Impact on Native Americans • Dawes Act divided land into smaller sections for native Americans. • Created almost total landlessness for the natives • John Collier – New deal commissioner for Indian affairs. • Indian New Deal • Gave economic assistance and greater control to the native people • Restored tribal control over land

12. Political Power shift • Created the New Deal Coalition • African Americans, Northern blue collar workers, southern whites, and Midwestern farmers • Shift from traditional republican voting to Democratic Votes • Gives democrats control for the next 6 elections • FDR gets elected to 4 terms

13. The Role of Government • Government was doing things it had NEVER done before • Taking taxes from paychecks • Giving benefits to elderly • Gave confidence in the economy • FDIC,SEC • Improved working conditions • Improved rural life • WPA, TVA, REA brought better living conditions to midwest

14. Creating the Welfare State • Programs created gave assurance that government would assist those in need • Children • Elderly • Poor • Sick • Disabled • Unemployed • Government hadn't really ever assisted anyone but vets before. • Created the idea of government responsibility • Should this be the responsibility of the Government?

15. New Deal and the Environment • FDR loved Nature • New deal programs like CCC were set on improving outdoor life • Created more national parks • Cousin of Teddy Roosevelt.

16. Presidential Power • Gave the Executive branch more power than it had ever had before • “imperial presidency” • Brought the presidency to the people • Fireside chats • Will increase more with the beginning of WWII

17. Culture of the 1930s

18. Movies and Radio • Entertainment Grew through the 1930s • Radio networks such as NBC and CBS • 9 of 10 houses had radios • Movie Companies created large studios in Hollywood • MGM, Warner Brothers, Twentieth Century Fox, Paramount

19. Escapism • People went to movies to Escape from the trouble of the great Depression • The Wizard of Oz • Dreams really do come true • Color animation first debuted • Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs • Gone with the Wind

20. Social Commentary • Early 1930 Gangster Movies reflected peoples declining faith in government • Post Ned Deal Movies often showed FBI Agents getting the Bad guys • Restored faith • Mr. Smith Goes to Washington • Jr senator who goes to stop corruption in the nations capitol

21. Golden Age of Radio • The Lone Ranger • Ran for more than 20 years • Fireside Chats explained the New Deal • War of the Worlds • October 30, 1938 • So convincing that many people believed Martians were invading.

22. Music • Swing Music topped the Charts • “It don’t mean a thing if it aint got that Swing” • Bing Crosby was the top vocalist of the day • Folk Music and Latin Music became popular with minorities

23. Art • The Federal Government provided funding for the arts with the New Deal • Artists faced dire circumstances during the depression. • Special Branch of the WPA established to help artists • Federal Art Project • Federal Writers Project • Federal Theater Project

24. Art • Free Performances for public • Artists got paid, people got an escape • Writers paid to write history • Artist painted murals of American moments and history • Photographers documented the times • Dorothea Lange • Depression photos

25. Literature of the 1930s • often forgotten because of the greats of the roarin’ 20s • Most famous literary work • The Grapes of Wrath • John Steinbeck • About a family in the dust bowl and their search for a better life that is filled with more struggles • African Americans also showed the racial prejudice that was prevalent through the times

26. Comic Heroes • 1930s were the popular mix of literature and art • Flash Gordon • Science Fiction • Dick Tracy • Detective • Superman • The First great Superhero. • Opened the door for more superheroes • Still today, a cultural Icon!