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Spina Bifida

Spina Bifida. A disorder of the spine. Definition.

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Spina Bifida

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  1. Spina Bifida A disorder of the spine

  2. Definition • Spina bifida, occurs as a developmental issue of the spine. The vertebra that create the spinal column do not fully form so they don’t totally contain the spinal cord. This leaves the nerves open to pressure that usually will result in pain. The spinal cord may split out the back, ending with a sac in the mid to lower back. This disorder may also lead to problems in the brain.

  3. Causes • The cause of this disorder is unknown but a correlation between spina bifida and low levels of folic acid in the women’s body before and during pregnancy has been noted. • There are theories that viruses may play a role in this disease as the amount of infants born with the disorder increase in the winter months. • If a child is born with Myelomeningocele (spina bifida), there is a greater risk for the future generations, though in many cases there are no family connections. • Research also shows that environmental factors like radiation help the disorder.

  4. Symptoms • Partial or complete lack of sensation. • Loss of bowel or bladder control. • Partial or complete paralysis of the legs. • Weakness of the hips, legs or feet of a newborn. • Dimpling of the sacral area. • Hair at the back part of the pelvis. • Build up of fluid in the skull. • Abnormal feet or legs, such as clubfoot.

  5. Treatment options • Genetic counseling- may or may not be used • Therapeutic abortion- used in some cases where the defect is detected early in pregnancy • Surgery- recommended at an early age • Ventricular peritoneal shunt- hydrocephalus • Antibiotics- used to prevent infection such as meningitis

  6. Complications • Difficult delivery with problems resulting from a traumatic birth, including cerebral palsy and decreased oxygen to the brain. • Frequent urinary tract infections. • Hydrocephalus. • Loss of bowel or bladder control. • Meningitis. • Permanent weakness of paralysis of legs.

  7. Prevention • Women should consider taking folic acid supplements before becoming pregnant. • Any problems with folic acid deficiencies should be dealt with BEFORE becoming pregnant as the defects develop very early.

  8. Bibliography • www.google.com/health • www.mybowel.com • www.cdc.gov • www.utahspinabifida.org • www.teach.lanecc.edu • www.faqs.org

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