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CHAPTER 9 CELLULAR RESPRIRATION: HARVESTING CHEMICAL ENERGY

CHAPTER 9 CELLULAR RESPRIRATION: HARVESTING CHEMICAL ENERGY. http://www.johnkyrk.com/mitochondrion.html. Energy flow and chemical recycling in ecosystems. NADH 2 or NADH - + H +. Almost 40% of the energy in glucose is converted to ATP. Each glucose uses 2 ATP then

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CHAPTER 9 CELLULAR RESPRIRATION: HARVESTING CHEMICAL ENERGY

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  1. CHAPTER 9 CELLULAR RESPRIRATION: HARVESTING CHEMICAL ENERGY http://www.johnkyrk.com/mitochondrion.html

  2. Energy flow and chemical recycling in ecosystems

  3. NADH2 or NADH- + H+

  4. Almost 40% of the energy in glucose is converted to ATP

  5. Each glucose uses 2 ATP then produces 4 ATP for a net of 2 ATP it also reduces 2 NAD+’s to form 2 NADH2; 2-3C pyruvates are also formed

  6. Substrate-level phosphorylation –the phosphate group is at a higher energy level on the phosphoenolpyruvate than it is on ATP so it can be directly transferred

  7. Occurs inside the matrix Forming Acetyl-CoA For the 2 pyruvates from a glucose, it produces 2 NADH2, releases 2 CO2 and 2 acetyl groups each attached to a Coenzyme A

  8. From each Acetyl-CoA 3 NADH2 X2 1 FADH2 for the 1 ATP 2 acetyl 2 CO2 groups 6 NADH2 2 FADH2 2 ATP 4 CO2

  9. phosphate ADP active site

  10. Electrons from 1 NADH2 cause transport of 6H+’s that produce 3 ATP Path of electrons Inner membrane-cristae Cytochrome/proton pump/transport protein 2e- 2e- NADH2 Intermembrane space H+ H+ 2H+ NAD FADH2 2e- cytochrome FAD 2H+ OH- OH- H+ H+ Lower potential energy Higher electronegativity OH- OH- Matrix cytochromes 1 FADH2 only 4H+’s only 2 ATP OH- OH- H+ H+ OH- OH- In the matrix there is always a surplus of free 2e- + 2H+’s + O H2O ATP Chemiosmosis ADP P Proton Motive Force H+ + OH- =H2O H+ H+ H+ H+ OH- so any free H+ will immediately combine with them and form water ATP synthase ATP syntase

  11. Each glucose uses 2 ATP then produces 4 ATP for a net of 2 ATP it also reduces 2 NAD+’s to form 2 NADH2; 2-3C pyruvates are also formed

  12. Electrons from 1 NADH2 cause transport of 6H+’s that produce 3 ATP Path of electrons Inner membrane-cristae Cytochrome/proton pump/transport protein 2e- 2e- NADH2 Intermembrane space H+ H+ 2H+ NAD FADH2 2e- cytochrome FAD 2H+ OH- OH- H+ H+ Lower potential energy Higher electronegativity OH- OH- Matrix cytochromes 1 FADH2 only 4H+’s only 2 ATP OH- OH- H+ H+ OH- OH- 2e- + 2H+’s + O H2O ATP Chemiosmosis ADP P Proton Motive Force H+ + OH- =H2O H+ H+ H+ H+ ATP synthase ATP syntase

  13. http://www.johnkyrk.com/mitochondrion.swf

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