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10/30/13 Topic: DNA Replication Do Now: Why do you think we need to copy DNA?

10/30/13 Topic: DNA Replication Do Now: Why do you think we need to copy DNA? Where is DNA found within the cell ?. Helicase (enzyme) unzips the DNA. Helicase finishes breaking H-bonds. Free nucleotides join. DNA Polymerase bonds them in place. Class Model of Replication.

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10/30/13 Topic: DNA Replication Do Now: Why do you think we need to copy DNA?

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  1. 10/30/13 Topic: DNA Replication Do Now: • Why do you think we need to copy DNA? • Where is DNA found within the cell?

  2. Helicase (enzyme) unzips the DNA

  3. Helicase finishes breaking H-bonds

  4. Free nucleotides join. DNA Polymerase bonds them in place.

  5. Class Model of Replication • Read your notecard. • You are either: • A free nucleotide • A nucleotide in the DNA • Helicase • DNA Polymerase

  6. Enzyme Lab – Background Info • Enzymes break bonds. They break down proteins. • Helicase is an enzyme. • Helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds between nitrogen bases in DNA. • Many other things also contain enzymes. • We are going to investigate this by using enzymes to break bonds between jello molecules. (Jello is a protein.)

  7. Scene from the fridge:

  8. Beginning the Lab • Always start with your full heading. • Title: Enzyme Lab • Question: Which food that we test will break down the protein in the jello the most? Then: • Independent variable: • Dependent variable: • Constants: • Hypothesis: If _____, then _____, because _____.

  9. 10/25/12 Topic: Enzyme Take out lab notebook. Do Now (in regular notebook): • Where in the cell do we find DNA? • Where in the cell are proteins made? • Why does the cell need to make proteins? • Why is mRNA required in the process?

  10. Observations • As you rotate among each table: • Write the Cup number and “object” in the Jello. • Write written observations of what you see, hear, and smell. (NO TASTE, NO TOUCH) • Draw a detailed and labeled diagram. You will have five minutes per cup.

  11. Results and Conclusion • Results: Your answer to the original question. • Conclusion: • Recall (summarize the experiment) • Explain the purpose of the experiment • Results explained (including if your hypothesis was correct or not and why) • Uncertainty (anything we still don’t know or that went wrong) • New Information you learned/Next question

  12. 10/31/13 Topic: Mitosis *Take out socks. Keep on desk. *Take out yesterday’s classwork if you did not turn it in yesterday!! Do Now: • Why is the enzyme helicase needed in DNA replication? • Why do cells need to replicate?

  13. Mitosis

  14. Step 1 – Interphase (DNA copies)

  15. Step 2 – Prophase (Chromatids pair off)

  16. Step 3 – Metaphase (Chromatids line up)

  17. Step 4 – Anaphase(Two halves separate)

  18. Step 5 – Telophase(New nuclear membranes form)

  19. Step 6 – Cytokinesis(Two identical cells)

  20. 11/1/13 Topic: Mitosis Review and Meiosis Do Now: • Complete the warm-up practice quiz placed on your desk – use your notes if needed.

  21. Helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds • The double helix unzips in to two separate strands • Free nucleotides match up with each strand of DNA • DNA Polymerase rebonds the nitrogen bases • Two identical double helix molecules are finished

  22. Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis With your partner, create T-chart in your notebook:

  23. Mitosis vs Meiosis

  24. 10/30/12 Topic: Sexual Reproduction Place homework on desk. Do Now: • Which type reproduction makes identical copies of the parent? • Which type of reproduction requires two parents? • Humans reproduce sexually. How would humans be different if they produced asexually. Be as specific as possible.

  25. Sexual Reproduction in Animals – Internal • Egg released inside the female • Male fertilizes egg with sperm inside female • Few eggs produced at one time – more likely that each egg survives • Humans and other mammals, birds

  26. Sexual Reproduction in Animals - External • Eggs released outside of female • Male fertilizes eggs with sperm outside of female • Many eggs produced at one time – very likely that eggs will die before hatching • Fish, sea turtles, and many other aquatic animals

  27. Sexual Reproduction in Plants Pistil (Carpel) – female part Stamen – male part

  28. Identify the Stamen and Pistil

  29. Observations (in lab notebook): • You will rotate between the flowers: • Draw a detailed diagram of each flower. • Label the stamen and pistil of each flower. • You must draw diagrams of at least 3 flowers. • Each diagram should fill an entire page. • Each diagram should include colors. • Use the hand lens to see up close details. Include these details in your diagrams.

  30. 11/4/12 Topic: Mitosis and Cancer Do Now: • Do muscle cells reproduce through meiosis or mitosis? • Do skin cells reproduce through meiosis or mitosis? • Do sperm cells reproduce through meiosis or mitosis? • Which process, meiosis or mitosis, creates identical copies of a cell? • Which process, meiosis or mitosis, creates cells with half of the original chromosomes?

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