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Human Anatomy

Human Anatomy. The Urinary System Part 1. Objectives- Part 1. Describe the role of the kidney in: Metabolic waste elimination Regulation of water balance and blood components Urine formation. Objectives- Part 2. Know the 4 organs involved, their relative placement, role and features

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Human Anatomy

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  1. Human Anatomy The Urinary SystemPart 1

  2. Objectives- Part 1 • Describe the role of the kidney in: • Metabolic waste elimination • Regulation of water balance and blood components • Urine formation

  3. Objectives- Part 2 • Know the 4 organs involved, their relative placement, role and features • Describe the functional unit of the kidney (the nephron), its role and components (glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule) • Describe the components of the kidney tracing the formation of urine in the nephron, through the collecting duct, into the calyces and into the renal pelvis

  4. Overview 1 2 3 4

  5. Components • Kidney Produces urine • Ureter Transports urine to urinary bladder • Urinary Bladder Temporarily stores urine prior to elimination • Urethra Conducts urine to exterior

  6. Anatomy • Four components • Kidneys • Left more superior –why?

  7. Anatomy • Ureter • Connects kidney to urinary bladder

  8. Anatomy • Urinary bladder • Stores urine

  9. Anatomy • Urethra • Drains urine from bladder

  10. Anatomy of the kidney outer cortex inner medulla

  11. Medulla Medulla divided into pyramids Tip of pyramid like top of salt shaker

  12. Medulla pyramid …. …. …. Minor calyx urine

  13. Medulla

  14. Calyses (calyx, sng.)

  15. Minor Calyx One minor calyx per pyramid

  16. Major Calyx Fusion of several minor calyses Usually 2-3 major calyses per kidney

  17. Renal Pelvis Fusion of major calyses Opening to the ureter

  18. Human Kidney

  19. Urogram

  20. The Nephron • Basic structural and functional unit of kidney

  21. The Nephron

  22. The Nephron • Nephron is the functional unit of the kidney • Role is production of urine (removes urea and uric acid)

  23. Nephron accomplishments • Regulates volume, composition and pH of body fluids • Regulates blood volume and blood pressure • Regulates blood concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride and calcium • Reabsorbs important nutrients from urine

  24. What do you think? • Why could it be a problem to have two large glasses of pop right before bedtime?

  25. Components of Nephron • Glomerulus – a knot of capillaries • Glomerular (Bowman’s) capsule – a hollow chamber surrounding the glomerulus • Renal corpuscle – 1 + 2 • Proximal convoluted tubule • Nephron Loop • Distal convoluted tubule

  26. Glomerulus and Capsule Urine

  27. Proximal Convoluted Tubule

  28. Nephron Loop Only part of nephron in medulla

  29. Distal Convoluted Tubule

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