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Solids, liquids and gases

Solids, liquids and gases. States of matter. Different substances. What are the substances described in the table?. (Clue: the first letters spell out another word for ‘substance’.). Description. Substance. liquid metal. m ercury. solid used in aircraft. a luminium.

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Solids, liquids and gases

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  1. Solids, liquids and gases

  2. States of matter

  3. Different substances What are the substances described in the table? (Clue: the first letters spell out another word for ‘substance’.) Description Substance liquid metal mercury solid used in aircraft aluminium solid used to coat steel cans tin intoxicating liquid ethanol radioactive solid radium solid that rusts iron unreactive gas argon solid used by Roman plumbers lead

  4. Three states of matter solid liquid gas At room temperature all substances exist in one of three physical states.

  5. Solid, liquid or gas?

  6. The particle model

  7. The particle model The difference between solids, liquids and gases can be explained by the particle model. • All substances are made up of particles. • The particles are attracted to each other. Some particles are attracted strongly to each other and others weakly. • The particles move around. They are described as having kinetic energy. • The kinetic energy of the particles increases with temperature.

  8. Particles in action

  9. Solids, liquids and gases

  10. What are the properties of solids? A solid: • has a high density as the particles are very close together • cannot be compressed as there is very little empty space between particles • has a fixed shape as the particles are held together tightly • cannot diffuse as the particles are not able to move • does not exert any pressure as the particles cannot move around.

  11. What are the properties of liquids? A liquid: • has a fairly high density as the particles are close together • cannot be compressed as there is very little empty space between particles • takes up the shape of its container as the particles can move • can diffuse as the particles are able to change places • can exert some pressure as the particles are able to move and hit the sides of the container.

  12. What are the properties of gases A gas: • has a low density as the particles are far apart • can be compressed as there is space between particles • has no fixed shape as the particles move about rapidly in all directions • can diffuse as the particles are able to move in all directions • can exert a lot of pressure as the particles are able to move in all directions and hit the sides of the container.

  13. Solids, liquids and gases: which one?

  14. Diffusion

  15. Glossary • gas –The state of matter in which particles can freely move, and in which substances have no fixed volume or shape. • liquid –The state of matter in which particles are close together but free to move, and in which substances have a fixed volume and assume the shape of their container. • matter – The stuff that everything is made of. • particle –The smallest unit of matter. • pressure – The force produced when particles move against a surface. • solid –The state of matter in which particles are close together and cannot move, and in which substances have a fixed shape and volume.

  16. Anagrams

  17. Multiple-choice quiz

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