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P.V. Panel wind load effects

P.V. Panel wind load effects. Design Review #1. November 2010. Arman Hemmati , Brady Zaiser , Chaneel Park, Jeff Symons, Katie Olver. Overview. Introduction (Katie) Objectives (Brady) Wind Tunnel Tests (Jeff) Computational Analysis (Arman) What’s Next (Chaneel).

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P.V. Panel wind load effects

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  1. P.V. Panel wind load effects Design Review #1 November 2010 Arman Hemmati , Brady Zaiser, Chaneel Park, Jeff Symons, Katie Olver

  2. Overview • Introduction(Katie) • Objectives (Brady) • Wind Tunnel Tests (Jeff) • Computational Analysis (Arman) • What’s Next (Chaneel)

  3. Introduction - DIY Frames at ENMAX

  4. Introduction – RenusolConSole - Plastic Mounting System

  5. Introduction – Problem • Most efficient sun capture at 51° • Higher angle means greater aerodynamic forces • More ballast required to hold the panel down • Too much weight for the roof? • Want to better understand wind loads on PV panels: • Wind Tunnel Testing • Computational (CFD) Analysis

  6. Objectives – Project Overview • Determine amount of ballast required • Determine downward force induced by wind • Total load on roof is sum of 1. and 2. • Determine total load for two different frames • How to minimize load?

  7. Objectives – Functional Requirements • Effect of Wind Speed • Proportional, or…? • Effect of Panel Tilt • Preferred angle is 51° • Effect of Wind Direction • Front or back • Proximity of Panel to the Ground • Should reduce drag to a point • Repeat for Second Frame Design

  8. Wind Tunnel – Facility Specifications • Environmental Wind Tunnel • Located in Engineering Building • Size and dimensions of the Wind Tunnel • Required to correctly design the scaled down model • Full capability of the Wind Tunnel • Necessary to determine the reasonable testing wind speed.

  9. Wind Tunnel – Model Scaling/Building • Constructing a suitable model (6 linear panel array) • The size of the model must correspond to the dimensions of the wind tunnel • What material should be used as a PV panel substitute • Require a base frame for the model to rest upon • Methods for analyzing the force on the panel • Force Receiving Base • Pressure Distribution is not a concern • Force transducers or load cells considered • (although potentially expensive)

  10. Wind Tunnel – Testing (conceptual) • Height of the panel from the roof (Frame Bottom Opening) • Least Loads: Test the model at various heights • Variation of wind speed • Wind Speed Effect: The relationship between wind speed, drag/lift forces, and additional load on the roof • Wind angle of attack • Flexible Model: The model is angled to represent varying wind angle of attack • Methods for model force Analysis • Methods for model force Analysis

  11. Computational – Software Packages • ANSYS CFX • Employing Finite Element Method (FEM) • Best in Single Physics Modeling • Mostly used for modeling of Solids • University of Calgary Licensing • Comsol Multiphysics • Works on basis of FEM • Multi-physical modeling • Best suited for modeling of Fluids, Stationary Solids • Shell Canada Licensing

  12. Computational – 2D vs. 3D Modeling • Two-Dimensional (2D) Models • Easier to develop, evaluate, and understand • Typically the start of an analysis • Provides a general overview to the forces expected in the wind tunnel • Three-Dimensional (3D) Models • More Difficult to set-up, and develop • More powerful computers required • More realistic model of the actual phenomena • Typically used to compare to the wind tunnel testing Courtesy of Comsol Multiphysics

  13. What’s Next – Conclusion • Current Stage in the Design Process • Direction is set, details required • Plan on Wind Tunnel Test • Model design details • Method of measurement: Literature research • Plan on CFD • Program and computer availability • Importing CAD model • Revised Frame Design • Only if current design fails

  14. References • RenusolConSole Manual 9/2009 • COMSOL Multiphysics Website • ANSYS Website

  15. www.ucalgary.ca/deloprec

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