The Application of High Frequency Radar for Mapping Offshore Wind Resources

1. The Application of High Frequency Radar for Mapping Offshore Wind Resources October 27, 2011 New Brunswick, NJ Dr. Hugh Roarty

2. Rutgers University - Coastal Ocean Observation Lab Vessels - Satellite Satellite CODAR Ships/ Vessels Glider REMUS Data Vis. Modeling Security Leadership Education Glider Fleet HF Radar Network L-Band & X-Band Satellite Receivers 3-D Nowcasts & Forecasts

3. Components of a High Frequency (HF) RADAR system Computer and Monitor Transmitter Transmit Antenna Receiver Receive Antenna receive antenna monopole (A3) loop box (A1 & A2) radial whips Frequency Dependent Range, Resolution & Vessel Size electronics loop box loop 1 (A1) loop 2 (A2)

4. High Frequency Radar – Since 1996 14 Long-Range 7 Medium-Range 14 Short-Range 35 Total CODARs Corporate Partner: CODAR Ocean Sensors Nested Grids of Hourly Surface Current Maps ^ Combined CODAR & Satellite Products >

5. Applications

6. U.S. Coast Guard: Search And Rescue Optimal Planning System SAROPS Mid-Atlantic Operational Data Flow to SAROPS SAROPS User Interface SAROPS 96-Hour Search Area:HF Radar= 12,000 km2 SAROPS 96-Hour Search Area: HYCOM = 36,000 km2

7. Ecological Decision Support – Fisheries Divergent + Convergent Like Upwelling Our Approach: Develop statistical models using bottom trawl surveys and MARACOOS 3-D data to predict species distribution based on observed or forecasted MARACOOS 3-D fields. Hate Downwelling Downwelling Upwelling Downwelling Upwelling

8. Water Quality – Nearshore Currents Alongshore Current Nearshore currents derived from single site radial currents track the movement of water quality constituents within 3 km of the beach.

9. State of New Jersey New Jersey Board of Public Utilities (NJBPU) An Advanced Atmosphere/Ocean Assessment Program: Reducing the Risks Associated with Offshore Wind EnergyDevelopment As Defined by The NJ Energy Master Plan and The NJ Offshore Wind Energy Economic Development Act Principal Investigators:Scott Glenn, Sc.D. and Rich Dunk, Ph.D., CCM Team Members: Josh Kohut, Louis Bowers, Greg Seroka, John Kerfoot, Lisa Ojanen, Ethan Handel Hi-Res Weather Model Spatial Validation Data Wind Power Statistics

10. Future Medium Range Network13 MHz Range ~ 80 km Resolution 2 km

11. 13 MHz Tx/Rx Antenna Single antenna at 13 MHz Transmit and Receive Radial whips no longer needed Possible to install with no guy wires and small base

12. Deployed August 11, 2011

13. Physics-based numerical computer model that provided preliminary estimates of the annual average wind using their proprietary MesoMap system.

14. HF Radar Derived Linear Wind Model Current Transient [U'] (cm/s) Wind Transient [W'] (cm/s) • Rotate wind vectors according to complex correlation • Calculate the slope and intercept of best fit line U'c(x,y,t) = slope(x,y)*W'(t)

15. Ecological baseline studies of offshore wind power already performed • Avian species • Fisheries • Marine Mammals • Sea turtles • This project will perform physical baseline study

16. *9 Countries, 1100 turbines

17. U.S. National HF Radar Network Data Flow Since 2007 2004 Plan Today’s Coverage 131 Radars

18. European HF Radar Installations 2011

19. Conclusions • Rutgers is measuring the ocean 24/7 • HF Radar network can provide validation of atmospheric models and spatial maps of wind resource off NJ • Lessons learned from this project can be exported to the nation and the world