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NIGERIA

NIGERIA. Ma. De Lourdes Fuentes Layún Universidad Iberoamericana Puebla. General Details. Full name : The Federal Republic of Nigeria d ivided in 36 federal states Capital: Abuja Largest city : Lagos Major languages : English ( official ), Yoruba, Igbo, Hausa

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NIGERIA

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  1. NIGERIA Ma. De Lourdes Fuentes Layún Universidad Iberoamericana Puebla

  2. General Details • Full name: TheFederal Republic of Nigeria divided in 36 federal states • Capital: Abuja • Largestcity: Lagos • Majorlanguages: English (official), Yoruba, Igbo, Hausa • Majorreligions: Islam, Christianity, indigenousbeliefs • Lifeexpectancy: 52 years (men), 53 years (women) (UN)

  3. History…Howdiditgetsitsindependence? • 1850s - British establish presence around Lagos. • 1861-1914 - Britain consolidates its hold over what it calls the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria, governs by "indirect rule" through local leaders. • 1954- Nigeria became a Federation • 1960 -Independence, with Prime Minister Sir AbubakarTafawaBalewa leading a coalition government.

  4. October 1st 1960- Nigeria became an independent State within the Commonwealth. • 1961- the northern part from Cameroon got incorporated to Nigeria. • 1962- important crisis in the occidental region dominated by the Yoruba Etnia. • 1966- Coup d’Etat. Balewa the 1st minister died, and the General Aguiyi-Ironsi established a military government and abolished the federal system. • 1967- Biafra War

  5. Nigerian Civil War o Biafra War(1967-1970). • May 30th 1967: Biafrabecameindependent • FIRST STAGE: thenigeriangovernmentsent federal troops to recoverBiafra. Biafra responded to theattacks • SECOND STAGE: Nigeria made a block to Biafra Southern Front: Bonny and Calabar Northern Front: Enugu, Biafra’s Capital

  6. THIRD STAGE:March 31st 1968 Since 1968, the war stagnated: Nigerian forces were unable to make significant advances in the areas controlled by the Biafrans for the great lost of soldiers from the previous step. May 19 - Nigerian conquered Port Harcourt along with the progress on the fronts of the North and East, they could run the total block of Biafra, causing a real massacre, which could be described as genocide. During 1968 and 1969 Nigerians took biafreñas major cities: nitsha, Aba, Owerri and Ogoja

  7. FOURTH STAGE: • the Biafrans launched a desperate offensive in order to prolong the existence of the separatist nation possible. For this they were supported by foreign pilots. But Nigerian bombings were only effective for a few months because Nigerians were recovered. • Finally, in December the Nigerian federal forces succeeded in splitting the Biafran territory into two parts.

  8. OPERATION "TAIL WIND" 1970 • On January 7 Nigerians launched the final offensive, called "Operation Tailwind" that biafreñascities did not resist and finally rebel leader Effiongsurrendered. • The war finally ended on January 15, 1970 with the final surrender of Biafran forces inUmuhaia, the last town controlled by its army, there was no need for a peace treaty.

  9. More than a dozen coups des etatshave taken place in Nigeria since 1969. • On 29 July 1970 the general was killed Ironsi and Gowon took command of the federal power. • In 1975 a group of Muslim officers led by Colonel Josep • Garba overthrew Gowon to install in power to General Murtala Mohammed. Laws that prevented political parties may have ethnic backgrounds were created. • The military governments continued until 1999, year in which were held the first elections, beginning a process of democratization.

  10. Government • Political liberalization introduced by the return to civil government in 1999 has allowed militants from religious and ethnic groups to pursue their demands through violence. • Thousands of people have died over the past few years in communal attacks led by al-Qaeda BokoHaram. • Separatist aspirations have also been growing • The imposition of Islamic law in several northern states has implanted divisions and caused the migration of thousands of Christians

  11. CurrentGovernment • GoodluckJonathan took the presidency in May 2010 on the death of his predecessor, and won theelectionsin April 2011. • The election results revealed a geographical divide, with Mr Jonathan scoring well in the predominantly Christian south, and Gen Buharisweeping many of the Muslim-dominated northern states. • Mr Jonathan has expressed his commitment to fighting corruption. In November 2011, he discharged the head of the country's anti-corruption agency, accusing her of not doing enough to tackle the problem.

  12. Area: 923,768sq km (356,669 sq miles)

  13. Population: 167.0 million (UN,2012) 180 habitants per km2

  14. GDP (officialexchangerate): $502 billion (2013 est.) Economy Gross national saving: 15.5% of GDP (2013 est.) 15.9% of GDP (2012 est.) 15.4% of GDP (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 106 GDP (purchasing power parity): $478.5 billion (2013 est.) $450.4 billion (2012 est.) $422.6 billion (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 31 GDP - per capita (PPP): $2,800 (2013 est.) $2,700 (2012 est.) $2,600 (2011 est. country comparison to the world: 180

  15. GDP - composition, by sector of origin: Agriculture: 30.9% Industry: 43% Services: 26% (2012 est.) Labor force - by occupation: Agriculture: 70% Industry: 10% Services: 20% (1999 est.)

  16. Oil • With Angola, Nigeria is the biggest oil producer in Africa and the sixth in OPEC to 7.7% of the total organization. The total production per year is 2.4 million barrels per day and they have the plan to increase it to 4 million in the next 5 years.

  17. Nigeria'sover-dependenceonoil

  18. The government is striving to boost the economy, which experienced an oil boom in the 1970s and is once again benefiting from high prices on the world market. • The former British colony is one of the world's largest oil producers, but the industry has produced unwanted side effects.

  19. Ethnicviolence • Conflicts protagonists are Christians and Muslims in Nigeria have claimed the lives of over 12,000 people since 1999, when the "sharia," or Islamic law, in twelve northern states was introduced. • 2002 February - 100 people were killed in Lagos in clashes between Hausas from mainly-Islamic north and ethnic Yorubas from predominantly-Christian southwest. • 2002 November - More than 200 people die in four days of rioting stoked by Muslim fury over the planned Miss World beauty pageant in Kaduna in December. The event is relocated to Britain. • They are resurgent religious conflict between Christian communities in the south and Muslim north due to the publications of the cartoons of Muhammad in European newspapers, which has left around 40 dead in street clashes.

  20. 2014 • ThekilledChristians • 200 girlskidnaped

  21. References • https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ni.html • http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13949550 • http://nigeriagovernance.org/ • http://economia.elpais.com/economia/2014/04/25/actualidad/1398440204_399270.html • http://pmundial.wordpress.com/2006/02/27/nigeria-sangre-por-petroleo/ • http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Documents/FichasPais/Nigeria_FICHA%20PAIS.pdf

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