6 th grade Science Final

1. 6th grade Science Final Study Guide Review

2. I. Ecology • What is ecology? • The study of how living things interact • 2. Define ecosystem, include what makes up an ecosystem • All living and nonliving things that interact in a particular environment • 3. What is the source of all energy? • sunlight

3. 4. What is a biotic factor? • All living things – humans, animals, plants • 5. What is an abiotic factor? • All non-living things – rocks, air, water

4. 6. Which cycle would involve photosynthesis? • Carbon cycle • 7. Most of the atmosphere is nitrogen why? • Because nitrogen cannot be used by plants and animals

5. 8. Describe the energy pyramid • A model used to show the amount of energy available to living things • 9. Define producer • An organism that captures energy and stores it in food as chemical energy, plants • 10. Define consumer • An organism that cannot produce their own food, must get food from another source – frog • There are primary (eats producers) and secondary (eats primary)

6. 11. What is a food chain? Food web? • Food chain – describes the feeding relationship between producer and a single chain of consumers • cattail  caterpillar  frog  water snake • Food web – a model of the feeding relationship between many different consumers and producers

7. 12. Know your types of Biomes • Large geographic areas that are similar • Tundra – cold, artic – little plant life, polar animals • Taiga – similar to tundra, more vegitation – coniferous trees • Desert – hot, dry – cactus, lizard • Grassland – lots of grasses, open areas – grasses, grazing animals

8. Temperate Forest – moderate temperature – trees, variation of animals • Tropical Forest – lots of rain, wettest biome – most variety of animals and plants • Freshwater – lakes, ponds – fish, algea • Marine – saltwater – open ocean (sunlight, plakton) – deep ocean (dark, no photosythesis)

9. 13. What does coniferous mean? • Evergreen – produces food all year long • 14. Define: parasitism, mutualism and commensalism • Parasitism – one species benefits while the other is harmed • Mutualism- interaction between two species, benefits both • Commensalism – interaction between species, one benefits and the other does not benefit and is not harmed

10. II. Planetary Science • 15. What makes up the solar system? • Sun, Earth, other planets, smaller bodies • 16. Constellation • A group of stars that form a pattern in the sky

11. 17. Describe what causes night and day • The Earth spinning around on its axis • 18. Describe what causes the seasons • Earth’s orbit around the sun and its 23º tilt on its axis

12. 19. Where in the sky is the sun at the summer solstice? Winter solstice? Equinox? • Summer – highest • Winter – lowest • Equinox- in between • 20. Which par of the world has little change to the amount of daylight? Most change? • Little change – the equator • Greatest change – the poles

13. 21. Why do we only see the same side of the moon (the face) • The moon turns on its axis and orbits the Earth in the same amount of time • 22. Define AU • The average distance between the Sun and Earth

14. 23. Define eclipse – solar and lunar • Eclipse – an event during which one object in space casts a shadow onto another, umbra is the darkest part of the shadow • Solar eclipse –happens during the day • Sun- Moon –Earth • The moon casts a shadow on the Earth • Lunar eclipse – happens at night • Sun- Earth – Moon • The Earth casts a shadow on the Moon

15. 24. Describe the moon phases • New Waxing Crescent 1st quarter Waxing Gibbous • Full Moon Waning Gibbous 3rdquarter Waning Crescent