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Motivation:

Motivation:

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Motivation:

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  1. Motivation: Standard liquid scintillation detectors provide a workable detection mechanism for neutrons. Unfortunately, in many areas of fundamental physics like particle and nuclear physics, neutrons and gammas are present simultaneously. This would require long flight paths and large detectors to obtain an accurate energy measurement and particle identification. Deuterated benzene (C6D6) liquid scintillators offer a solution to n/g separation and useful energy information in the light output spectrum. A test was performed at the Notre Dame tandem Van de Graaff accelerator with an array of simple detector assemblies (right). Efficiency Measurements of Deuterated Liquid Scintillators Using d(d,n)3He EventsA. N. Villano, F.D. Becchetti, M. Ojaruega Department of Physics, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, MIJ. J. Kolata, A. RobertsDepartment of Physics, University of Notre Dame – Notre Dame, IN Pulse-Shape Discrimination The pictures in this section show how one can distinguish between neutrons and gammas. The pulse-height defect for a heavy ion moving in liquid scintillator produces a pulse with a more slowly decaying tail as compared to the gamma-induced electron (left). Simply comparing pulse integrations of the two gates pictured at left can produce pronounced separation (right). d(d,n)3He Coincidence Events Coincidence events using d(d,n)3He reactions have been gathered (below). The result is a direct measurement of the efficiency (bottom right). The light output spectra (bottom left) shows neutrons selected via 3He tagging in silicon detector E-DE detectors. Neutron efficiencies are strong functions of lower light output ADC thresholds. The feature might help quantify a “peak” efficiency to eliminate strong threshold dependence. Below, the preliminary efficiency data shows the coincidence angles. Maximum efficiencies for 2”X2” cylinder are 6.5 and 8.0 % for 11.5 and 8.9 MeV. Below, the light output spectrum shows a feature at high energy important for gathering energy information without time-of-flight

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