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Developing Entomological Skills and Techniques

Developing Entomological Skills and Techniques. (how to be a bugdork ). Why Insects?. Most numerous and diverse animals Live in all habitats Most important (good and bad) for humans They rock and it’s fun…. Kingdom ANIMAL Phylum ARTHROPODA. Collembola Thysanura Ephemeroptera

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Developing Entomological Skills and Techniques

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  1. Developing Entomological Skills and Techniques (how to be a bugdork)

  2. Why Insects? • Most numerous and diverse animals • Live in all habitats • Most important (good and bad) for humans • They rock and it’s fun…

  3. Kingdom ANIMAL Phylum ARTHROPODA

  4. Collembola Thysanura Ephemeroptera Odanata Phasmatodea Orthoptera Mantodea Blattodea Isoptera Dermaptera Plecoptera Psocoptera Phthiraptera Hemiptera Thysanoptera Neuroptera Coleoptera Mecoptera Siphonaptera Diptera Trichoptera Lepidoptera Hymenoptera Orders

  5. Collembola Thysanura Ephemeroptera Odanata Phasmatodea Orthoptera Mantodea Blattodea Isoptera Dermaptera Plecoptera Psocoptera Phthiraptera Hemiptera Thysanoptera Neuroptera Coleoptera Mecoptera Siphonaptera Diptera Trichoptera Lepidoptera Hymenoptera NON-Insects Orders

  6. Types of Metamorphosis • Ametabolous (most primitive) • Hemimetabolous • Paurometabolous • Holometabolous (most advanced)

  7. Insect Metamorphosis Ametabolous – no metamorphosis Young = nymphs

  8. Insect Metamorphosis Ametabolous – no metamorphosis 1 2 3 4 * The stages of immature insects are called instars

  9. Insect Metamorphosis Hemimetabolous – incomplete metamorphosis 4 1 2 3

  10. Insect Metamorphosis Hemimetabolous – incomplete metamorphosis Naiad – aquatic nymph

  11. Insect Metamorphosis Paurametabolous – gradual metamorphosis 1 2 3 4 5 instars

  12. Insect Metamorphosis Paurametabolous – gradual metamorphosis 3 “Nymph” 1 2

  13. Insect Metamorphosis Holometabolous – complete metamorphosis 1 2 3 instars Adults and young look completely different

  14. Insect Metamorphosis Vermiform: e.g., flies - maggot, worm-like shaped body - feeding apparatus either mouth hooks or mandibles - no legs

  15. Insect Metamorphosis Elaterifom: e.g., mealworms - Slightly flattened body - mandibulate feeding apparatus - 3 pairs of thoracic legs

  16. Insect Metamorphosis Eruciform: e.g., butterflies - caterpillar-like shaped body - mandibulate feeding apparatus - 3 pairs of thoracic legs and 5-7 pairs of abdominal prolegs

  17. Fall Armyworm

  18. Important Questions • Wings or no wings? • How many? • Kind of Mouthparts? • Where did I find it? • Any special adaptations? • Raptorial legs, swimming legs • Camouflage?

  19. Order Collembola: Springtails Coll = glue Embola= a bolt or wedge (collophore)

  20. Springtails: Order Collembola

  21. Order Thysanura: Silverfish Thysano= fringed ura= tail

  22. Order Ephemeroptera: Mayflies ephemeros= short lived

  23. Order Ephemeroptera: Mayflies

  24. Order Odonata: Dragonfly and Damselfly dragonflies keep wings out when at rest… …while damselflies keep wings back over body at rest

  25. Order Odonata: Dragonfly and Damselfly Odonata= toothed jaw

  26. Order Phasmatodea: Walking sticks and Leaf Insects Phasm = phantom

  27. Order Orthoptera: Grasshoppers, Crickets, Locusts & Katydids Ortho= straight Ptera= winged

  28. Order Mantodea Praying mantids, soothsayers

  29. Order Blattodea:Roaches Blatta -Greek word for roach

  30. Order Isoptera: Termites Iso= even ptera= wing

  31. Order Dermaptera: Earwigs Derm = leather Ptera = wing

  32. Order Plecoptera: Stoneflies Pleco = folded or pleated Ptera= wing

  33. Order Psocoptera:Bark&Book lice Psoco= gnawing Ptera= wing Bad Name! Think of them as winged insects that gnaw.

  34. Order Pthiraptera: Lice pthir= lice aptera= no wings • Two Suborders • Mallophaga: The chewing lice • Anoplura: The sucking lice

  35. Suborder Mallophaga

  36. Mallophaga

  37. Anoplura: Sucking Lice

  38. Etymology: hemi = half ptera= winged Refers to the true bugs Order Hemiptera: True Bugs, Scales, Aphids, Hoppers Hemiptera: Order Name Suborder Heteroptera = true bugs Suborder Auchenorrhyncha = hoppers and cicadas Suborder Sternorrhyncha = aphids and allies

  39. Suborder Heteroptera • Hemelytra - sclerotized basal portion of wings

  40. Aphids

  41. leafhopper treehopper planthopper

  42. Thysan= fringed Ptera= winged Order Thysanoptera: Thrips

  43. Thysanoptera

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