Unit20 Archaeology

1. Unit20 Archaeology

2. lend a hand ivory site website quantity serve as mask dig up accompany vast square investigation investigate triangle tricycle 帮助 give sb a hand 象牙 遗址，地方 网址 数量 作为，当作（act as /work as) 面具 挖出，掘起 vt. 陪伴，陪同 巨大的，庞大的 平方的，正方形的 square meters n. 广场 n. 调查研究 v.调查研究 三角形 三轮车

3. lend a hand ivory site website quantity serve as mask dig up accompany vast square investigation investigate triangle tricycle 帮助 give sb a hand 象牙 遗址，地方 网址 数量 作为，当作（act as /work as) 面具 挖出，掘起 vt. 陪伴，陪同 巨大的，庞大的 平方的，正方形的 square meters n. 广场 n. 调查研究 v.调查研究 三角形 三轮车

4. Roots of Chinese culture

5. What cultural relics sites are mentioned in the text?

6. The site of Sanxingdui, located at Guanghan 40km from Chengdu, is recognized as the most important ancient remains of the Sichuan region for its vast 幻灯片 16 size, long lasting period and enriched cultural contents. 幻灯片 2

8. Fast-reading • What cultural relics sites are talked in the text? Jinsha village and Sanxingdui ruins Which paragraphs are included in the two sites? • Jinsha village ruins P1----P _____ • Sanxingdui ruins P___ ----P5 3 4

9. Careful reading

10. Read the passage once again and answer the following questions P1 what were found in jinsha village? First ,ivory and jade.Since then, more than a thousand artefacts, including gold, bronze and stone objects as well as _______大量ivory a large quantity of 1. Why the ivory and animal bones found in Jinsha Village are important ? Because they will serve as important materials for the study of local geography, climate and the environment in ancient times.

11. The Discovery of the Ruins in Jinsha Village The excavation site of the historical relics in Jinsha Village. A jade object. with a hole in the center.

12. A bronze figure in a standing posture. A jade chisel. A stone kneeling figure

13. more like F P2 1many relics are the same as those inSanxingdui. 2 Cong, a piece of jade found atJinsha was made in Chengdou. F Not made in Sichuan 2. Why is cong special? Because it was not made in Sichuan, but was transported there, which proved that Sichuan had trade links with the Yangtze and Yellow River valleys at that time.

14. What relationships do archaeologists think the two sites may have? They think that the Jinsha Ruins may have been the political and cultural centre of the ancient Shu Kingdom, which moved from Sanxingdui to Chengdu about 3,000 years ago. The discoveries there proves that the history of Sichuan is much longer than 3200 years. 2300

15. ii p4 1 How did people react to the discoveries of sanxingdui ruins sites? Local teachers and officials came to the site. The relics were owned by the farmers who discovered them. In 1953, they returned them to the state. 2 The local teachers and officials persuaded the farmer to turn in the relics. P5 1 From 1929 to 1986, 53 holes were dug and over 1200 pieces of objects were found. 2 Today, the work in Sanxingdui has already been finished. F From March to Augest1986 F

16. Relics excavated in Sanxingdui ruins SanxingduiMuseum

17. finds

18. Bronze Tree Character in the museum Bronze Mask

19. Integrating skills: • 1全中国文明 • .become famous all over China • 在泥里 • 2.in the mud • 封锁这个地方 • 3.close the site • 自从那时 • 4.since then • 和。。。；同。。。\ • 5.as well as • 大量 • 6.a large quantity of

20. 至少 • 7.at least • 充当 • 8.serve as • 在古代 • 9.in ancient times\ • 非常像 • 10.look very like • 提醒某人某事 • 11.remind sb of sth • 与。。。有联系 • 12.have links with… • 拥有。。。年历史 • 13.have a history of …years • 在1929年的春天 • 4.in the spring of 1929 • 在地里 • 15.in the fields

21. 挖出，掘起 • 16.dig up • 把从遗址发现的文物上交国家 • 17.give the relics from the ruins to the state • …当他和祖父到达博物馆的时候已经四点了 • 18.it was four o’clock when he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan,where、 • 热烈欢迎 • 19.be warmly received\warmly receive sb. • 属于 • 20.belong to sb. • 追溯到 • 21.date back to \date from • 占地。。 • 22.cover a vast area of …square kilometers。 • 做海报、告示 • 23.make a poster

22. Construction workers On February 8 • Jinsha Village near Chengdu , in southwest Sichuan province, became famous all over China in 2001. ___________________ 建筑工人 from a local company were building roads there. _______________ 2月8日, they found ___________ • 象牙和玉石 in the mud. Soon _________警察 arrived and ______________封锁了这个地方.Since then, archaeologists have found more than a thousand artefacts, including gold, jade, bronze and stone objects as well as _____________ 大量 • Ivory that must have come from at least 500 elephants. The ivory and animal bones that were found ________作为 important materials for the study of ___________________________________ • __________________ 当地古代地理气候和环境. ivory and jade the police closed the site a large quantity of serve as local geography, climate and the environment in ancient times

23. very much like For example/ instance • Many of the relics look __________ 非常像 those found at Sanxingdui. _____________ • 例如, a gold mask and a bronze statue of a man remind visitors of the bronze masks and big bronze statues at Sanxingdui because of their similar style. _______ the many jade objects found at Jinsha , one piece, called a cong _____________ • 古汉语,was not made in Sichuan. It was transported there from the lower are of the Yangtzi River. Other relics discovered at Jinsha made archaeologists believe that Sichuan not only _______________ 有商贸联系 the Yangtzi and Yellow River _________流域, Yunnan and Guizhou provinces, but also with northern Vietnam. Among ancient Chinese had trade links with valleys

24. had a history of the political and cultural center of the ancient Shu Kingdom Before the discoveries, it was believed that Sichuan only _________________有…历史 about 2,300 years. Now, archaeologists think that the Jinsha ruins may have been ___________________________________________ 古代蜀都政治文化中心.,which moved from Sanxingdui to Chengdu about 3,000 years ago. Sanxingdui was first discovered by farmers. ____________ 1929年春天, a farmer in today’s Nanxing Town, was working in the fields, when his son _________挖出 a round piece of jade. They found a hole filled with more than 400 jade objects. Local teachers and officials came to his home, but none of them could say _____________ 哪个朝代 the jade objects were made. In the spring of 1929 dug up in which dynasty

25. accompanied gave the relics from the ruins to the state In 1953, Yan Kaizong __________ 陪同 his grandfather when he __________________________________________ 把从遗址发现的这些文物上缴国家.It was 4 o’clock in the afternoon _______ he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan, ______ an official _______________热情接待 them. “ My grandpa told us not to keep things that don’t belong to us. I believe what he said,” said Yan Kaizong. Since 1929, more than 10,000 relics _______________追溯到 between 5000 BC and 3000 BC have been discovered. The Sanxingdui Ruins _______________ 占地面积很广 about 12 square kilometers. when where warmly received dating back to covers a vast area of

26. the History Department of Sichuan University, Sichuan Archaeological Research Institute From March to August 1986, archaeologists of ___________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 四川大学历史系，四川考古研究所 and the city of Sichuan dug 53 holes. When the work was finished, over 1,200 pieces, including bronze and gold masks, bronze objects and _________神像 and ivory had been found. Archaeologists will continue their work, ________挖 at the Sanxingdui Ruins from 2003 until 2010. They hope to discover some of the _____________ 神秘的宫殿, tombs of kings and bronze and jade workshops. images digging mysterious palaces

27. WRITING • China has a long history. The ground contains cultural relics and important archaeological objects almost everywhere. Archaeological discoveries play an important part in learning about the history and culture of a country, so everyone has the duty to protect them after they are unearthed. • Work in groups and discuss what you should do and what you should not do when you discovered some old things under the ground. • Make a poster showing a flow chart of the things you should do and should not do.

28. Find the old things under the ground A suggested flow chart: Stop working Not steal the ancient things Not destroy the scene Protect the scene Call the department of protection of historical relics Investigation by detectives Call the police

29. Writing 根据下面内容写一篇120词左右的文章 1 话题：你班就“发现文物是否得归还国家？”这一主题进行讨论。 持赞成的同学认为： 1） 文物对中华历史、文化等的研究具有重大价值。 2） 文物属于国家，私自占有是违法行为。…持反对的同学认为： 1）这些东西又不是自己偷来的，没有必要上交。2） 文物很值钱，卖了可以发财。 …2请谈谈你的看法。 3 可以加以适当的发挥。

30. Welcome to Sanxingdui • The Sanxingdui culture occurred between 2800 B.C. to 800 B.C.,  from Neolithic age:  Dragon Hill culture to the end of Shang and early Zhou period.   • The site of Sanxingdui, located at the city of Guanghan, 40km from Chengdu, Sichuan province, People's Republic of China, is recognized as the most important ancient remains of the Sichuan region for its vast size, long lasting period and enriched cultural contents.  • The first Sanxingdui relics were discovered by a farmer in 1929 and in the next seventy years more were excavated.  During this period, generations of archaeologists worked on the discovery and understanding of the Sanxingdui culture.  In 1986, two major sacrificial pits were found and they aroused widespread attention in the global academic circle.

31. The Sanxingdui finds are exciting, but they remain enigmatic.  No texts have been found, nor is there any mention of this culture in the records of other states, either during or after the late Shang period.  Analysis of lead and other elements in the bronzes indicates sources similar to those of other cultures along the Lower Yangzi river basin.  Some Chinese archaeologists and historians have attempted to link this culture with the later Shu culture, which was also centered in Sichuan.  At this point, however, the unique culture that produced these artifacts remains a mystery. • First time visitors should read the "history" of Sanxingdui first and then visit the Sanxingdui "museum".