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CELLULAR RESPIRATION

CELLULAR RESPIRATION. Chapter 9. Feel the Burn. When you exercise, your body uses O 2 to get energy from glucose. How do you feel after a long workout? What is happening to your cells and other organs? If you run as fast as you can for 100 m, could you keep up this pace for another mile?.

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CELLULAR RESPIRATION

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  1. CELLULAR RESPIRATION Chapter 9

  2. Feel the Burn • When you exercise, your body uses O2 to get energy from glucose. • How do you feel after a long workout? • What is happening to your cells and other organs? • If you run as fast as you can for 100 m, could you keep up this pace for another mile?

  3. Chemical Energy and Food • When burned in the presence of O2, 1 g of sugar can release 3811 calories of heat energy! • calorie – amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1◦C. • 1 Calorie (food label) = 1000 calories • Cells release energy from glucose in a process called cellular respiration.

  4. Cellular Respiration (CR) • Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose using O2 • Remember Photosynthesis… 6CO2 + 6H2O + E C6H12O6 + 6O2 • Cell Respiration is sort of opposite!!! C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

  5. 3 Steps of Cellular Respiration • 1) Glycolysis • 2) Krebs Cycle • 3) Electron Transport Chain Glucose Krebs cycle Electrontransport Glycolysis

  6. Cellular Respiration Mitochondrion Electrons carried in NADH Electrons carried in NADH and FADH2 Pyruvic acid Electron Transport Chain Krebs Cycle Glucose Glycolysis Mitochondrion Cytoplasm

  7. Glycolysis • Location: Cytoplasm • What happens: 1 6-C glucose is broken into 2 3-C pyruvic acid • More Products: • 2 ATP (use 2 but made 4) & NADH Glucose 2 Pyruvic acid To the electron transport chain

  8. Krebs Cycle - Citric Acid Cycle • Location: Mitochondria • What happens: pyruvic acid is broken down to CO2 • Acetyl-CoA made in intermediate step • More products: • 2 ATP (from 2 turns of cycle) • NADH and FADH2

  9. Electron Transport Chain (ETC) • Location: Mitochondria • What happens: electron carriers NADH + FADH2 deliver electrons used to make 32 more ATP • O2is the final electron acceptor • H+ and O2 makes water • This is kind of nice!

  10. Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Chemical Pathways • Energy production can happen with or without the presence of oxygen • Aerobic respiration – ATP production in the presence of oxygen (cell respiration) • Anaerobic respiration – ATP production in the absence of oxygen (called fermentation)

  11. Glucose Krebs cycle Electrontransport Glycolysis Fermentation (without oxygen) Alcohol or lactic acid Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Chemical Pathways

  12. Fermentation – Anaerobic Respiration • Regenerates NADH so that Glycolysis can continue • Makes 2 more ATP • 2 types

  13. Alcoholic Fermentation • Breaks down pyruvic acid and NADH into alcohol, CO2 and NAD+ • Alcohol production, bread making • Makes 2 ATP

  14. Lactic Acid Fermentation • breaks down pyruvic acid and NADH into lactic acid and NAD+ • Causes sore muscles, useful in cheese, yogurt, sour cream, pickles, sauerkraut production

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