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Cellular Respiration. Cellular Respiration. Cellular Respiration is the process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen . 6O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + Energy Oxygen + Glucose Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy. Glycolysis.
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Cellular Respiration • Cellular Respiration is the process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen. • 6O2 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy • Oxygen + Glucose Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
Glycolysis • Glycolysis is the process in which one molecule of glucose is broken in half, producing two molecules of pyruvic acid. • 2 ATP needed to start reaction, 4 ATP are produced thus the net gain is 2 ATP.
(4-6) 4 ATP (Net)
Fermentation • Releases energy from glucose without the presence of oxygen. • There are two types of fermentation: alcoholic and lactic acid. • Alcoholic fermentation is done by yeasts and some microorganisms. It produces alcohol & Carbon Dioxide • Lactic Acid is produced by muscles during rapid exercise when the body cannot supply enough oxygen.
The most important things to remember about glycolysis are:Glycolysis is part of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.Glycolysis splits glucose, a six-carbon compound, into two pyruvate molecules, each of which has three carbons.In glycolysis, a 2 ATP investment results in a 4 ATP payoff. Unlike the rest of aerobic respiration, which takes place in the mitochondria, glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell.Unlike the rest of aerobic respiration, glycolysis does not require oxygen.
The rest of respiration takes place in the mitochondria and DOES require oxygen.The Krebs Cycle : Referring to the mitochondrial membranes: the matrix is the liquid part where pyruvic acid is broken down and the Kreb’s cycle occurs and the cristae is where the electron transport chain is located, as well as, the necessary enzymes and co-enzymes to complete respiration. KREB’S CYCLE • MULTI- STEP PROCESS • UTILIZES PYRUVIC ACID TO MAKE ACETYL CoA • WHICH THEN BREAKS DOWN GIVING OFF CO2 ,CITRIC ACID, AND 4 PAIRS OF ELECTRONS(H+) WHICH NAD+ and FAD+ NEED • NAD( NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE) AND FAD (FLAVIN ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE) ARE KNOWN AS ELECTRON ACCEPTORS
Picks up 1 H+ and 2 e- Picks up 2 H+ and 2 e- Picks up 1 H+ and 2 e- Picks up 1 H+ and 2 e- The Krebs Cycle Section 9-2 Citric Acid Production Mitochondrion Picks up 1 H+ and 2 e- Go to Section:
Electron Transport Chain • The electron transport chain uses the high-energy electrons from the Krebs Cycle to convert ADP to ATP. • Total ATP 32.
Electron Transport Chain Section 9-2 Electron Transport Hydrogen Ion Movement Channel Mitochondrion Intermembrane Space ATP synthase Inner Membrane Matrix ATP Production Go to Section:
Totals • Gycolysis 2 ATP • Krebs Cycle 2 ATP • Electron Transport Chain 32 ATP • Total = 36 ATP
Energy & Exercise • Quick energy – Lactic Acid fermentation is used to get quick energy and gives off lactic acid as a by product, thus the muscle pain. • Long-Term Energy – Use cellular respiration to produce energy. Exercising or activities that last for at least 15 to 20 minutes. Best form for weight control.
QOD:C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATPIn the formula above:1. 6O2 is required for the _________________.2. CO2 is produced during ________________.3. 6H20 is produced in the _______________.4. _____ ATP is produced during glycolysis.5. _____ ATP is produced during PDC/Krebs cycle.6. _____ ATP is normally produced during the electron transport chain process.
