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Team Building = Team Cohesion Team Cohesion= Performance then Team Building = Team Performance?

Team Building = Team Cohesion Team Cohesion= Performance then Team Building = Team Performance?. Heather Harris ESS 777. Why?.

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Team Building = Team Cohesion Team Cohesion= Performance then Team Building = Team Performance?

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  1. Team Building = Team CohesionTeam Cohesion= Performancethen Team Building = Team Performance? Heather Harris ESS 777

  2. Why? • I started this project because as a coach I believe it is very important to have team cohesion. However, with limited practice time I wanted to find research about whether this was a worthy item to spend our precious training time on. • In addition, how does this effect team performance which is usually on the mind of most high school and college age teams.

  3. Team Building = Team Cohesion • Meyer & Wenger- University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee • Athletes and adventure education: an empirical investigation • Examines how adventure education (using a ropes course) would effect athletes. • Results: • The athletes had a higher level of cohesiveness and focus while competing.

  4. Team Building = Team Cohesion • Martin & Davids • The effects of group development techniques on a professional athletic team • Examines if group development programs effect a team, however takes into consideration maturation. • Results: • Even with maturation taken out of the equation, group development still improved.

  5. Team Building = Team Cohesion • Gibbons and Ebbeck- Oregon State University and University of Victoria • The effect of a team building program on the self-conceptions of grade 6 and 7 physical education students • Examines if a Team Building Through Physical Challenges program effects self-conceptions.

  6. Team Building = Team Cohesion • Author • Thesis • Examines how a one-time teambuilding exercise affects team cohesion. • Results: • Very little growth on team cohesion was shown after a one day team building activity.

  7. Team Building = Team Cohesion • Senecal, Loughead, & Bloom- McGill University and University of Windsor • A season-long team-building intervention: examining the effect of team goal setting on cohesion • Examines if implementing a season-long teambuilding intervention program will increase perceptions of cohesion • Results: • Team goal setting was an effective team-building tool for influencing cohesiveness.

  8. Team Building = Team Cohesion • Bloom, G. A., Stevens, D. E., and Wickwire, T. L. • Expert Coaches’ Perceptions of Team Building • Examines coaches’ perceptions on team building, team cohesion, and how it effects team performance. • Results: • The study showed that the expert coaches believe in team building and team cohesion as an important part of their program.

  9. Team Cohesion = Team Performance • Dirks- Simon Fraser University • Trust in Leadership and Team Performance: Evidence from NCAA Basketball • Study examines the correlation between trust, leadership, and team performance. • Findings: • Trust and leadership effects team performance positively. • Example: the two teams that showed the highest trust in their coach performed the best during the season.

  10. Team Cohesion = Team Performance • Carron, Bray, & Eys • Team cohesion and team success in sport • Study examines the relationship between task cohesiveness and team success • Results: • The study showed team cohesion and team success that a generally high level of correlation. Both Group Integration-Task and Individual Attractions to the Group Task dimensions to cohesion were related to success.

  11. Team Cohesion = Team Performance • Kozub, S. A. & Button C. J. • The Influence of a Competitive Outcome on Perceptions of Cohesion in Rugby and Swimming Teams • Study examines “the effects of a single competitive outcome on perceptions of cohesion in rugby and swimming teams.” • Results: • There is a positive correlation that if there is a win then team cohesion is perceived higher then if there is a loss. There was a bigger difference on the rugby athletes compared to the swimmers.

  12. Team Cohesion = Team Performance • Landers, D. M. and Luschen, G. • Team Performance Outcomes and the Cohesiveness of Competitive Coacting Groups • Examines how cohesiveness effects coacting teams’ performance because many of the studies done before were only done on team sports. • Results: • Teams with higher winning percentages rated higher on task-orientated cohesiveness. While teams with a low winning percentage did not rate as high, but did rate higher with affiliation with teammates.

  13. Team Cohesion = Team Performance • Everett, J. J., Smith, R. E., and Williams, K.D. • Effects of Team Cohesion and Identifiably on Social Loafing in Relay Swimming Performance. • Examines the correlation of social loafing and team cohesion. • Results: • Hypothesized that the closer the team is the better they will perform. The study failed to prove this but had a very small population that the research was conducted from.

  14. What did I find? • Team building in most studies increased team cohesion. • The ones that it did not increased were generally only done for one day. • A strong team cohesion generally meant a better team performance. • Almost all of the studies used the GEQ .

  15. What didn’t I find? Where can new research go? • There were no studies that actually looked at starting a team with team building exercises to develop team cohesion to then see if the new team cohesion would increase team performance. • It would be nice if a specific team building program would increase team cohesion and to what age and/or gender it would be best for.

  16. Resources • Bloom, G. A., Stevens, D. E., and Wickwire, T. L. (2003). Expert coaches’ perceptions of team building. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology. 15: 129-143. • Crron, A.V., Brawley, L.R., and Widmeyer, W. N. (1985). The Group Environment Questionnaire. • Carron, A.V., Bray, S.R., and Eys, M.A. (2002).Team cohesion and team success in sport. Journal of Sports Sciences, 20, 119-126. • Dirks, K.T. (2000). Trust in leadership and team performance: evidence from NCAA basketball. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(6) 1004-1012. • Ebbeck, V. and Gibbons, S. L. (1998). The effect of a team building program on the self-conceptions of grade 6 and 7 physical education students. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 20; 300-310. • Everett, J. J., Smith, R. E., and Williams, K.D. (1992). Effects of team cohesion and identifiably on social loafing in relay swimming performance. International Journal of Sport Psychology. 23: 311-324.

  17. Resources • Kozub, S.A. & Button, C.J. (2000). The influence of a competitive outcome on perceptions of cohesion in rugby and swimming teams. International Journal of Sport Psychology. 31: 82-95. • Landers, D. M. and Luschen, G. (1974). Team performance outcomes and the cohesiveness of competitive coacting groups. International Review of Sports Sociology. 5: 57-69. • Martin, R. and Davids, K. (1995). The effects of group development techniques on a professional athletic team. The Journal of Social Psychology, 135 (4) 533-535. • Meyer, B.B., Wenger, M.S. (1998). Athletes and adventure education: An Empirical Investigation. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 29, 243-266. • Murphy, J. M. (2001). The effect of a one-time team building exercise on team cohesion. • Sencecal, J., Loughead, T.M., and Bloom (2008). A season-long team-building intervention: examining the effect of team goal setting on cohesion. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 30, 186-199.

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