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Stages of Sleep

Stages of Sleep. SSPBF2: The student will compare different states of consciousness. EQ: Describe the sleep cycle. Stage 1. NREM Stage 1 lasts from 30 seconds to 10 minutes characterized by sensory images and slow rolling eye movements

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Stages of Sleep

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  1. Stages of Sleep SSPBF2: The student will compare different states of consciousness. EQ: Describe the sleep cycle

  2. Stage 1 • NREM • Stage 1 lasts from 30 seconds to 10 minutes • characterized by sensory images and slow rolling eye movements • recognized by the appearance alpha waves then to theta waves on an EEG • May included brief dreamlike hallucinations, feeling of falling, & sudden movements, hypnic jerks

  3. Stage 2 • NREM • lasts about 20 minutes • recognized by the occurrence of theta waves, sleep spindles (short, high frequency bursts of electrical energy), and K-complexes (very short bursts of high amplitude brain waves) on an EEG.

  4. Stage 3 • NREM, deep sleep • Heart rate, breathing, and brain waves slow down • recognized on an EGG by the beginning of delta waves • Transition from light sleep into deep sleep

  5. Stage 4 • NREM, deep sleep • Heart rate, breathing, and brain waves slow down • recognized by the occurrence of delta waves • Release of growth hormones • Sleepwalking & night terrors occur • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-AANENfiB3Y Night terrors • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ujSv2z3MEk#t=0.9016876 Night terrors • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3LGRyW80kLU sleep paralysis

  6. Sleep Cycle

  7. REM • Rapid eye movements happen under closed eyes • Nearly all dreams occur here including nightmares • Characterized by low amplitude, high frequency waves

  8. Why we sleep? • Repair theory: Daily activities break down key factors in our brain & body that sleep replenishes • Growth hormone secretion – contributes to metabolism, physical growth, brain development • Strengthens immune system • Restores glycogen (brain energy) needed for functioning & survival

  9. Why we sleep? • Adaptive theory: sleep evolved because it prevented humans & animals from wasting energy & exposing themselves to dangerous predators • Humans have limited night vision setting the circadian clock for sleeping to nighttime

  10. Insomnia – chronic problem of getting adequate sleep Prevalence – 30-35% of adults report insomnia; more common in women Causes – many causes; anxiety, tension, stress, health issues, sometimes drug use Treatment – prescription meds, (sedatives), relaxation & behavioral interventions

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