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SWITCHING

SWITCHING. ARP. Address Resolution Protocol ARP works by broadcasting packets to all hosts attached to the LAN ARP packet contains IP address in which sender is interested in communicating with hosts keep a list of ARP responses in an ARP table

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SWITCHING

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  1. SWITCHING

  2. ARP • Address Resolution Protocol • ARP works by broadcasting packets to all hosts attached to the LAN • ARP packet contains IP address in which sender is interested in communicating with hosts keep a list of ARP responses in an ARP table • ARP is propagated through Bridges/Switches but not through Routers

  3. 1.1 wants to send the data to 1.3 192.168.1.4 00-20-18-C0-07-74 192.168.1.3 00-20-18-C0-07-73 192.168.1.1 00-20-18-C0-07-71 192.168.1.2 00-20-18-C0-07-72 Source MAC 00-20-18-C0-07-71 Destination MAC 00-20-18-C0-07-73 Source IP 192.168.1.1 Destination IP 192.168.2.1 Segment

  4. Application Presentation Session Transport TH Network NH Data Link DH DT Physical Data Encapsulation & De-capsulation 192.168.1.1 00-20-18-C0-07-71 Data Data Data Segment Data Packet Segment Frame Packet Packet Bits

  5. Application Presentation Session Transport TH Network Data Link Physical Data Encapsulation & De-capsulation 192.168.1.1 00-20-18-C0-07-71 Data Data Data Segment Data

  6. Hub • It is a Physical layer device (Layer 1) • It is Dummy Device • It works with 0’s and 1’s (Bits) • It works with broadcasting • It works with shared bandwidth • It is has 1 Broadcast Domain and 1 Collision Domain • Collisions are identified using Access Methods called CSMA/CD and CSMA/CA

  7. Broadcast Domain & Collision Domain • Broadcast Domain • Set of all devices that receive broadcast frames originating from any device within the set. • Collision domain • In Ethernet, the network area within which frames that have collided are propagated is called a collision domain. • Repeaters and hubs propagate collisions, LAN switches, bridges, and routers do not.

  8. Types of Hubs • Active Hubs uses power supply and regenerates the data (i.e.) strengthens the signals in case of disturbances. • Passive Hubs doesn’t use power supply and it will not not regenerates the data (i.e.) strengthens the signals in case of disturbances. It is used only to share the physical media • Intelligent Hubs are sometimes called as smart hubs. These devices basically function as active hubs, but also include a microprocessor chip and diagnostic capabilities and are useful in troubleshooting situations.

  9. Switch • It is Datalink layer device (Layer 2) • Its is An Intelligent device • It works with Physical addresses (i.e. MAC addresses) • It works with fixed bandwidth • It works with Flooding and Unicast • It has 1 Broadcast domain and Number of Collision domains depends upon the number of ports. • It maintains a MAC address table

  10. Types of Switches • Manageable switches • On a Manageable switch an IP address can be assigned and configurations can be made. It has a console port . • Unmanageable switches • On an Unmanageable switch configurations cannot be made, an IP address cannot be assigned as there is no console port.

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