INTRO TO BASIC WEATHERIZATION

1. INTRO TO BASICWEATHERIZATION

2. Goal of Basic Training

3. WV Weatherization Program Mission To reduce the energy costs for low-income families, particularly for the elderly, people with disabilities, and children, by improving the energy efficiency of their homes while ensuring their health and safety.

4. Focus of the Program Save energy dollars for the client Give the client more disposable income Better afford necessities of life Improve standard of living Improve environment - green

5. How are we funded? US Department of Energy & WV DHHR Governors Office of Economic Opportunity Low-Income Client Community Action Agencies

6. Professionalism • Be considerate of clients and their property • You represent the agency • Keep job site organized, clean, safe and lead safe • Neat and clean in appearance • Smoking in designated areas only, cigarette butts in trash • Clean up at end of day

7. Typical Home Energy Costs

8. Building Science - THE BASICS • Hot moves to cold. • 1 cfm out = 1 cfm in • Air takes path of least resistance. • Air flows from high pressure to low pressure.

9. Building Science - THE BASICS The movement of heat through or between solid objects that touch each other. Insulation restricts the flow of heat by conduction.

10. Building Science - THE BASICS The transfer of heat caused by the actual movement of air or water. Warm air rises-cold air falls.

11. Building Science - THE BASICS The movement of heat waves through space from one object to another. This occurs in the summer when the sun strikes a roof and then radiates heat to the attic floor.

12. Building Science - THE BASICS The uncontrolled flow of air into and out of a home through air leaks. By caulking, sealing and weather stripping holes and cracks a savings of up to 30% can be realized.

13. Building Science - THE BASICS Infiltration&exfiltration

14. Types of Infiltration Stack (chimney) effect – Warm air rises pulling cold air into lower portion of house. Wind-driven – Wind blows cold air into home. Mechanical driven – A result of exhaust fans, combustion appliances or air handlers.

15. House as a SystemThe need to control air, heat, moisture! Interaction between clients, building components and mechanical systems Health and Safety first Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Building Tightness Limits (BTL) Moisture/mold Structure durability Carbon Monoxide Balance of comfort and HVAC efficiency

16. Air Sealing Diagnostics Membrane DG 700 Pressure Gauge Fan Controller Adjustable Frame Red Hose Fan cfm’s Fan Green Hose House Pa

17. Blower Door Configuration

18. Blower Door Set home to winter conditions Turn off all fans and HVAC equipment Depressurize house to –50 pascals Record (pre, daily, post) WX blower door reading Set target range – BTL, upper limit Utilize BD to identify leakage areas Air seal the largest leaks first - primary and secondary Air seal into lower part of target range

19. Whole House Depressurization

20. Building Shell Losses

21. Goal of Basic Training

22. Analyze

23. ? ? ? Evaluate Work smarter, Not harder!

24. Health & Safety Considerations • Ambient Air Testing • Lead Safe WX (LSW) • Mold - Moisture • Carbon Monoxide (CO) Testing • Draft • Unsanitary Conditions-Sewer Leaks • Code Compliance

25. Define Pressure & Insulation Boundaries

26. Air Sealing Benefits Reduces Energy Costs – represents 5 – 40% of heating costs Extends life of home Reduces moisture mitigation into building cavities Protects insulation thermal resistance Reduces drafts Increases comfort Reduces greenhouse gas emissions

27. Insulation Benefits • Reduces energy costs – Heating & Cooling • Increases comfort • Reduces outside noise • Reduces Infiltration – dense pack • Reduces greenhouse gas emissions

28. AIR (PRESSURE) BARRIER + INSULATION BARRIER = THERMAL BOUNDARIES Insulation and pressure boundaries should be the same and be continuous. Air-leakage locations

29. Define Air & Insulation Boundaries

30. Define Air & Insulation Boundaries

31. Define Air & Insulation Boundaries

32. ALWAYS air seal attic prior to insulating! Attics leak around penetrations: pipes, chimneys, electric wires, light fixtures, etc.

33. Seal with non combustible sheet metal and high temperature caulk Air leaks - Where to look? Around chimneys Electrical penetrations

34. Air leaks - Where to look? Balloon frame walls Top plate of walls

35. Cover with fire resistant drywall or sheet-metal enclosures Air leaks - Where to look? Drop down steps or attic hatches Recessed light fixtures

36. Air leaks - Where to look? HVAC Ductwork or flue penetrations Bottom of knee walls

37. Expanding foam is an alternative for gaps too large for caulk (>1/4”) Air leaks - Where to look? Plumbing Penetrations

38. Air leaks - Where to look? Power Entrance Wire Marriage Wall in Double Wide

39. Attic Insulation AIR SEAL ATTIC Install insulation dam Mark and cover electrical junction boxes Install attic venting – high/low pattern Insulate/air seal interior attic hatch Insulate to R-38, based on coverage chart Continuous over all conditioned spaces

40. Electrical junction markers Dam Attic Insulation Even coverage to R38

41. Wall assessment – Inspect wall for evidence of moisture damage, knob-and-tube wiring, gaps, lead, asbestos, pocket doors and strength of construction • Options – Interior, exterior, siding removal • Where possible, remove siding and drill through sheathing. When replaced it must be weatherproofed • Sidewall plugs (compatible) must be caulked and primed Dense Pack Wall Insulation

42. Dense Pack Wall Insulation • Drill pattern should be uniform and provide even coverage above windows and doors. • Probe walls to identify cavity, fire breaks or other obstructions. • Seal balloon frame constructed walls at top & bottom prior to insulating.

43. Dense Pack Wall Insulation

44. Dense Pack Wall Insulation Remove Siding Drill Probe Cavity

45. Dense Pack Wall Insulation Install fiberglass insulation plug or foam bottom and top of Balloon Frame Walls prior to insulation

46. Knee Wall Insulation • Seal base of knee wall • If needed, remove attic flooring to allow for air sealing • Insulate wall area to R19 fiberglass or dense pack • Air seal and insulate roof rafter combination • Insulate collar beam area • R38 and vent • Or fill cavity

47. Knee Wall Access • Access must be width of knee wall stud cavity by 24” high • If unreasonable to provide permanent access to all knee wall areas, the attic and/or knee wall area must be inspected by a PWI. Insulation must be adequately documented in the client file with photo documentation. • If there are no interior accesses, at least one exterior access to each attic space shall be left for inspection purposes. • Access shall be weather stripped and insulated to the same R-value as the knee wall. At least one latch shall be installed to ensure air tightness.

48. Floor Insulation – Defining BoundariesPg. 95 Air seal floor if basement or crawl space is determined outside the thermal boundary Air seal band joist and foundation if floor is determined to be inside the thermal boundary

49. Floor Insulation AIR SEAL Insulate to R19 Netting is the preferred method Install insulation with vapor barrier towards conditioned space Install 6 mil black ground vapor barrier over entire crawl space

50. Ducts and Pipes When floor insulation is installed, ductwork below the floor insulation must be appropriately sealed and insulated Ducts must sealed and insulated to a minimum of R6 Water pipes must also be insulated