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Laju Reaksi

Pelajaran Kimia Kelas XI

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Laju Reaksi

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  1. LAJU REAKSI

  2. MOLARITAS Besaran yang menyatakan konsentrasi atau kepekatan suatu larutan (mol/liter) Jumlah mol zat terlarut dalam 1 liter larutan. M = n/V n = massa/Mr Jika massa dalam gram dan V dalam mL maka: M = massa/Mr x 1000/V

  3. LAJU REAKSI Definition: Ukuran yang menyatakan berkurangnya jumlah pereaksi dan bertambahnya jumlah hasil reaksi per satuan waktu. (ukuran yang menyatakan perubahan konsentrasi zat-zat pereaksi dan hasil reaksi tiap satuan waktu. A B v A = - ∆[A]/∆t ‘v B = + ∆[AB]/ ∆t

  4. A + 2B AB2 t = 10 s ‘m 5 5 - ‘r 2 4 2 ‘s 3 1 2 ‘v A = - ∆[A]/ ∆t = - 3 M/10s ‘v B = - ∆[B]/ ∆t = - 1 M/10s ‘v AB2 = + ∆[AB2]/ ∆t = + 2/10 s

  5. Diketahui: [I2] mula2 = 0 [I2] akhir = 0,002M ‘t = 10 s Ditanya : v I2 ‘v I2 = + ∆[I2]/ ∆t = + (0,002 – 0)M/10s = + 0,0002 M/s = + 2.10-4 M/s

  6. Contoh Soal N2 + 3H2 2NH3 NH3 yang dihasilkan adalah 0,05 M/s ‘v NH3 = + 0,05 M/s ‘v H2 = - (koef H2/koef NH3) x v NH3 = - 3/2 x 0,05 M/s = - 0,075 M/s ‘v N2 = - ½ x 0,05 = - 0,025 ‘v N2 = - 1/3 x (vH2) = - 1/3 x 0,075 = - 0,025 M/s

  7. Persamaan Laju reaksi Pengukuran laju reaksi dari berbagai eksperimen merupakan fungsi dari konsentrasi pereaksinya v = k [A]m [B]n v = reaction rate k = constanta reaction rate / tetapan laju reaksi [A] = konsentrasi A [B] = konsentrasi B m = orde reaksi terhadap A n = orde reaksi terhadap B m + n = orde total reaksi

  8. Orde Reaksi / Reaction Order Definition Bilangan pangkat yang menyatakan perbandingan penambahan konsentrasi terhadap penambahan laju reaksi Am = B m = Orde reaksi A = Kenaikan konsentrasi B = Kenaikan laju reaksi

  9. Orde Reaksi nol v = k [A]0 = k = 2

  10. Orde Reaksi Satu v = k [A]1 = k [A]

  11. Orde Reaksi Dua v = k [A]2 = k [A]2

  12. Penentuan Persamaan Laju reaksi • PersamaanlajureaksidanordereaksidapatditentukanhanyaberdasarkanPercobaan. Contoh: 2P + 3Q P2Q3 • Tentukanlahordeterhadap P dan Q! • Rumuslajureaksidanharga k!

  13. Diketahui: 2P + 3Q P2Q3 Ditanya: • Tentukanlahordeterhadap P dan Q! • Rumuslajureaksi dan harga k! Jawab: v = k [P]m [Q]n Orde terhadap P data yang dipakaiadalah data [Q] sama v1 = k [P1]m [Q1]n v3 = k [P3]m [Q3]n 4 = k (0,1)m (0,03)n 36 = k (0,3)m (0,03)n 4/36 = (0,1/0,3)m 1/9 = (1/3)m ‘m = 2

  14. Orde terhadap Q data yang dipakaiadalah data [P] sama v1 = k [P1]m [Q1]n v2 = k [P2]m [Q2]n 4 = k (0,1)m (0,03)n 16 = k (0,1)m (0,12)n 4/16 = (0.03/0,12)n ¼ = (1/4) n ‘n = 1 Persamaanlajureaksiv = k [P]2 [Q] Harga k adalah v1 = k [P1]2 [Q1] 4 = k (0,1)2 (0,03) ‘k = 4 / 0,0003 = 4/3 x 10-4

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