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Understanding Human Development: The Piagetian Approach

Explore Jean Piaget's groundbreaking research on childhood intelligence development, schemas, object permanence, conservation, Piaget's stages, emotional development, and mother/child attachment. Learn about assimilation, accommodation, and cognitive stages, shaping modern education and psychology.

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Understanding Human Development: The Piagetian Approach

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  1. Human Development

  2. Jean Piaget • His Mission… • Piaget wanted to find out how intelligence, or the ability to understand, developed during childhood. • How did he do it? • Observing, questioning, and playing games with babies and young children

  3. Schemas • Our understanding of the world begins with mental representations. • Assimilation • We try to fit new information or experiences into preexisting schemas to help us understand. • Accommodation • We have to change our schema to fit the characteristics of the new information. • When events do not fit into existing schemas, new ones must be created

  4. Object Permanence • A young child’s world only consists of what he or she can see or touch • If he or she cannot see or feel it, it does NOT exist • Permanence • A child’s realization that an object exists even when he or she cannot see or touch it. • Objects and people are now independent of the child.

  5. Conservation • Between the ages of 5 and 7, children generally make another step in understanding the world. • Before this age, when the appearance of an object has changed, children believe the quantity of the object must have changed as well. • When children understand the principle of CONSERVATION, they realize that the quantity doesn’t have to change just because the appearance has changed. • Children have a tough time with this concept because they are EGOCENTRIC • Seeing and thinking of the world from your own standpoint and having difficulty seeing other perspectives

  6. Piaget's Stages • 4 stages of Cognitive Development • Sensorimotor (Birth-1½) • Use schemas that primarily involve the body and sensations • Preoperational (1½ -7 yrs.) • Child begins to use mental images or symbols to understand things. • Concrete Operations (7-11 yrs.) • Use logical schemas, but their understanding is limited to concrete objects or problems. • Formal Operations (11-Adulthood) • Being able to solve abstract problems

  7. Emotional Development • As we grow older, not only does our understanding of the world develop, but our emotional attachment to people develops as well. • Imprinting • Inherited tendencies or responses when new stimuli in the environment is encountered. (Goslings) • Critical Period • A time in development when one is best able to learn a skill or behavior. (13-16 hours for geese)

  8. The Mother/Child Attachment • Infants begin to form their attachment with the mother around 6 months of age and develops through age 3. • Disrupting the attachment process can be very disturbing to children • Separation Anxiety • A sudden separation from his/her mother results in anxious feelings within the child • Secure Attachment • Balance the need to explore and the need to be close. Ok with mommy leaving, but will welcome her back with open arms. • Avoidant Attachment • Upset that mommy left and will ignore her when she returns • Resistant Attachment • Ok with mommy leaving, but reject her when she returns

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